Photosynthetically-enhanced eco-engineered treatment systems

光合作用增强生态工程处理系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-07181
• 负责人: Champagne, Pascale
• 金额: $ 7.21万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749311
• 关键词: Photosynthetically; enhanced; eco; engineered; treatment

The biological treatment of contaminated effluents in cold climate regions is one of the greatest challenges for environmental engineers, as these systems, although considered robust, can be subject to significant fluctuations in contaminant loadings, as well as ambient climate conditions, which can ultimately affect their performance. These factors are compounded in small, remote and rural areas where the use of conventional treatment systems is not logistically or economically feasible, and passive, semi-passive or naturalized treatment systems are the most suitable alternative by virtue of their ease of operation, minimal energy input, reduced maintenance requirements. In the next decade, increasingly efficient treatment systems, designed to operate under temperate conditions, will be required to meet increasingly stringent effluent discharge guidelines and minimize detrimental effects on receiving environments. Although used extensively, concerns associated with the long-term performance and functional reliability of these systems compared to conventional, but less sustainable, treatment systems have been raised. However, these challenges may be largely addressed by the implementation of carefully designed and integrated biological processes in eco-engineered systems. The proposed research program aims to address the following question: can photosynthetic organisms be employed in integrated eco-engineered treatment systems located in small, remote or isolated areas to mitigate persistent organic (Theme A) or metal (Theme B) contaminants. More specifically, the research aims to 1) examine the role of algae in enhancing photobiological degradation of persistent organic contaminants (POCs); 2) enhance the removal of POCs using suspended and attached growth algal systems; 3) enhance the mitigation of metal-rich wastewaters using N-fixing cyanobacteria; 4) enhance microbially-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to stabilize metals in tailings; 5) integrate N-fixing cyanobacteria with MICP and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) to mitigate mine drainage. This program will train 5 PhD, 2 MSc and 6 UG. Critical factors limiting the widespread adoption of eco-engineered treatment technologies have been the lack of a standardized understanding of temperature and water chemistry effects on treatment process mechanisms within these systems, and a more robust basis of comparison within and between systems as they evolve with time. Hence, a focus will be placed on better understanding the dynamic interactions influencing the performance, enabling the development of a toolkit which would lead to more robust design guidelines that follow an evidence-based approach. This could be a great benefit to the Canadian mining and oil and gas industry who are often located in remote or isolated sites, and produce large volumes of processing effluents which require subsequent treatment prior to water reuse or discharge to receiving environments.

寒冷气候地区受污染废水的生物处理是环境工程师面临的最大挑战之一，因为这些系统虽然被认为是强大的，但可能受到污染物负荷以及环境气候条件的显著波动的影响，这最终会影响其性能。这些因素在小型、偏远和农村地区更为复杂，在这些地区，传统处理系统的使用在后勤上或经济上都不可行，而被动、半被动或自然化处理系统是最合适的替代方案，因为它们易于操作、能源投入最小、维护需求减少。在今后十年，将需要设计成在温和条件下运作的日益有效的处理系统，以满足日益严格的污水排放准则，并尽量减少对接收环境的有害影响。尽管这些系统被广泛使用，但与传统的可持续性较差的处理系统相比，这些系统的长期性能和功能可靠性已经引起了人们的关注。然而，这些挑战可以在很大程度上通过在生态工程系统中实施精心设计和综合的生物过程来解决。拟议的研究计划旨在解决以下问题：光合生物能否用于位于小型，偏远或孤立地区的综合生态工程处理系统，以减轻持久性有机（主题A）或金属（主题B）污染物。更具体地说，本研究旨在1)研究藻类在促进持久性有机污染物（POCs）光生物降解中的作用；2)利用悬浮藻和附着藻系统加强对poc的去除；3)利用固氮蓝藻加强富金属废水的缓释；4)加强微生物诱导方解石沉淀（MICP），稳定尾矿中的金属；5)将固氮蓝藻与MICP和硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）结合，缓解矿山排水。该项目将培养5名博士，2名硕士和6名硕士。限制生态工程处理技术广泛采用的关键因素是缺乏对这些系统中温度和水化学对处理过程机制的影响的标准化理解，以及随着时间的推移，系统内部和系统之间比较的更可靠的基础。因此，将把重点放在更好地理解影响性能的动态相互作用上，从而能够开发一个工具包，从而产生遵循循证方法的更健壮的设计准则。这可能对加拿大采矿和石油天然气工业大有裨益，这些工业往往位于偏远或孤立的地点，产生大量加工废水，需要在水回用或排放到接收环境之前进行后续处理。