Seismic Resilience Quantification of Concrete Systems in Canada's Nuclear Infrastructure

加拿大核基础设施中混凝土系统的抗震能力量化

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06611
• 负责人: Ezzeldin, Mohamed
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749338
• 关键词: Seismic; Resilience; Quantification; Concrete; Systems

An earthquake-induced nuclear disaster can cause devastating consequences at the global level. As such, nuclear components, systems, and structures are typically designed to maintain their functionality under specified design-basis earthquakes in order to perform their intended safety functions. However, after the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami catastrophe in Japan, the seismic safety of such structures has attracted much attention of nuclear regulators worldwide, including the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. The catastrophe highlighted the urgent need to ensure that Canada's nuclear energy infrastructure is resilient enough under beyond-design-basis earthquakes. According to a report commissioned by the Insurance Bureau of Canada, a major portion of Canada's infrastructure will experience substantial damage following a major earthquake. The report estimates that a realistic damaging earthquake in the Quebec City-Montreal-Ottawa corridor would result in direct losses of more than $49 billion. The three interrelated focus areas of the proposed research program are structured to develop advanced seismic resilience-based quantification tools for Canada's nuclear infrastructure. Focus Area I will involve testing reinforced concrete walls similar to those in Canadian nuclear structures under quasi-static cyclic loading that simulates different levels of seismic hazard. Such walls will be uniquely designed to be thick enough for radiation shielding as well as blast and fire protection. This focus area will yield the necessary experimental validation to quantify the hysteretic response of such walls that is key for both code-based design and seismic performance assessment. Focus Area II will include hybrid simulation (computer modelling combined with real-time physical testing) of complete reinforced concrete nuclear structures. This focus area will facilitate quantifying the system-level seismic response of such thick walls without the need to recreate the (often very large) mass and stiffness associated with the rest of the structure. Focus Area III will aim at developing system-level performance predictive models for nuclear structures using numerical and data-driven modelling techniques. These models will be integrated into probabilistic risk assessment tools to facilitate resilience quantification of Canada's nuclear infrastructure under beyond-design-basis earthquakes. The Canadian nuclear industry generates revenues of over $6 billion every year and provides over 30,000 direct jobs, while also meeting several Canadian government atmospheric emission objectives. The industry is in need of resilience-based quantification tools similar to those to be developed in the proposed research program. Adopting such tools will provide Canadian communities safe infrastructure systems under natural hazards and also will capitalize on Canada's clean electricity generation profile to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

地震引发的核灾难可能在全球范围内造成毁灭性后果。因此，核部件、系统和结构通常被设计为在指定的基于设计的地震下保持其功能，以便执行其预期的安全功能。然而，在2011年日本东北地震和海啸灾难之后，这类结构的地震安全性引起了包括加拿大核安全委员会在内的世界各地核监管机构的高度关注。这场灾难突显了迫切需要确保加拿大的核能基础设施在超出设计基础的地震下具有足够的弹性。根据加拿大保险局委托的一份报告，加拿大基础设施的主要部分将在大地震后遭受重大破坏。该报告估计，魁北克市-蒙特利尔-渥太华走廊上一次现实的破坏性地震将导致超过490亿美元的直接损失。拟议研究计划的三个相互关联的重点领域旨在为加拿大的核基础设施开发先进的基于地震复原力的量化工具。重点领域I将涉及在模拟不同地震危险程度的准静态循环荷载下测试类似于加拿大核结构中的钢筋混凝土墙。这样的墙将被独特地设计成足够厚的，既可以屏蔽辐射，也可以爆炸和防火。这一重点领域将产生必要的实验验证，以量化这种墙的滞回反应，这是基于规范的设计和抗震性能评估的关键。重点领域二将包括整个钢筋混凝土核结构的混合模拟(计算机模拟和实时物理试验相结合)。这一重点领域将有助于量化这样厚的墙的系统级地震反应，而不需要重新创建与结构其余部分相关的质量和刚度(通常非常大)。重点领域三将致力于利用数值和数据驱动的建模技术开发核结构的系统级性能预测模型。这些模型将被纳入概率风险评估工具，以促进加拿大核基础设施在超出设计基准的地震下的复原力量化。加拿大核工业每年创造超过60亿美元的收入，提供超过30,000个直接就业机会，同时还实现了加拿大政府的几个大气排放目标。房地产行业需要基于韧性的量化工具，类似于拟议的研究计划中将要开发的工具。采用这种工具将为加拿大社区在自然灾害下提供安全的基础设施系统，还将利用加拿大的清洁发电概况，大幅减少温室气体排放。