Patterns and processes of primary productivity and trace gas dynamics in subpolar and polar oceans

副极地和极地海洋初级生产力和痕量气体动态的模式和过程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04455
• 负责人: Tortell, Philippe
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751317
• 关键词: Patterns; processes; primary; productivity; trace

Marine primary productivity (the photosynthetic conversion of CO2 to carbohydrates) provides the energy and carbon needed to support the vast majority of ocean ecosystems, and plays a direct role in regulating Earth's climate through the uptake and emission of trace gases, including CO2, methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and dimethylsulfide (DMS), which influence the planet's heat budget. Polar and sub-polar marine waters contribute disproportionately to ocean primary productivity, and are experiencing the greatest impacts of global climate change. The long-term objective of this research program is to understand the factors regulating marine primary productivity and climate-active gas cycling in polar and sub-polar regions. To inform this goal, the short-term objectives of this research program are to: 1) deploy autonomous ship-based instruments to examine variability in primary productivity, and trace gas concentrations in the Subarctic Pacific and Arctic Oceans, and examine the underlying processes driving this variability; 2) use field observations and laboratory experiments to examine environmental controls on different aspects of the photosynthetic process, including light absorption, photosynthetic electron transport, oxygen evolution, and carbon fixation; and 3) develop statistical algorithms and improved numerical models of ocean primary productivity and trace gas emissions. The research will be accomplished using controlled laboratory experiments and oceanographic sampling on board research vessels and at coastal marine stations. Building on our recent progress developing automated ship-board sensors, we will deploy a wide range of instrumentation to measure surface ocean optical properties, dissolved gas concentrations and other oceanographic variables over a range of space and time-scales, and in response to experimental manipulations. Results from this work will be used to train machine learning algorithms and develop improved ocean biogeochemical models. Anticipated impacts include enhanced understanding of the space and time variability of marine productivity and climate-active gas emissions, and new insight into the environmental and physiological factors controlling this variability. This information will, in turn, support the development of improved numerical models predicting marine ecological and biogeochemical responses to future climate warming. The research program will train HQP in a supportive and inclusive environment, providing them with advanced technical skills, and communication and outreach tools to mobilize knowledge and support the sustainable development of Canada's ocean economy.

海洋初级生产力（二氧化碳通过光合作用转化为碳水化合物）提供了支持绝大多数海洋生态系统所需的能量和碳，并通过吸收和排放微量气体（包括二氧化碳、甲烷（CH4）、一氧化二氮（N2O）和二甲基硫醚（DMS））在调节地球气候方面发挥直接作用，这些气体影响地球的热量收支。极地和次极地海洋水域对海洋初级生产力的贡献不成比例，并且正在经历全球气候变化的最大影响。该研究计划的长期目标是了解极地和次极地地区海洋初级生产力和气候活跃气体循环的调节因素。为了实现这一目标，该研究计划的短期目标是：1）部署自主船基仪器来检查初级生产力的变化，并追踪亚北极太平洋和北冰洋的气体浓度，并检查驱动这种变化的潜在过程； 2）利用现场观察和实验室实验来检查光合作用过程不同方面的环境控制，包括光吸收、光合电子传输、析氧和碳固定； 3）开发统计算法并改进海洋初级生产力和痕量气体排放的数值模型。该研究将通过受控实验室实验以及研究船和沿海海洋站的海洋学采样来完成。基于我们最近开发自动化船载传感器的进展，我们将部署各种仪器来测量一系列空间和时间尺度上的表面海洋光学特性、溶解气体浓度和其他海洋学变量，并响应实验操作。这项工作的结果将用于训练机器学习算法并开发改进的海洋生物地球化学模型。 预期影响包括增强对海洋生产力和气候活性气体排放的空间和时间变异性的了解，以及对控制这种变异性的环境和生理因素的新见解。这些信息反过来将支持开发改进的数值模型，预测海洋生态和生物地球化学对未来气候变暖的反应。该研究计划将在支持性和包容性的环境中对总部进行培训，为他们提供先进的技术技能以及沟通和外展工具，以调动知识并支持加拿大海洋经济的可持续发展。