New frontiers in intense laser-matter interactions

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The Nobel Prize winning technology of Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) invented by Prof. Donna Strickland and Prof. Gérard Mourou in 1985 has revolutionized laser-plasma physics through the realization of laboratory-scale laser systems capable of producing high power, femtosecond duration pulses. Such extreme levels of peak power have led to a new generation of bright particle and radiation sources over a broad spectrum of energies and wavelengths, each inheriting femtosecond-scale duration from the driving laser pulse. CPA laser systems can also be used to drive matter into extreme states of temperature and pressure, mimicking those typically found in astrophysical environments, and leading to the observation of new and exotic states of matter on Earth. Understanding the properties and generation of this matter is an essential component of describing the conditions of stellar interiors, including our Sun, and for the development of controlled fusion-energy devices. However, an accurate description of these exotic states remains an experimental and theoretical challenge, significantly complicated by its highly transient nature, requiring experimental diagnostics capable of resolving dynamic processes on the ultra-fast (picosecond-femtosecond) timescale. The proposed research program pursues advanced understanding of high-energy-density states of matter through first-of-their-kind high spectral and temporal resolution experiments, and works toward a new generation of ultrafast probes and inspection techniques using laser-driven particle beams, X-rays and infrared sources to put Canadian research centers and industries at the forefront of laser-based innovations. Further, these advanced laser technologies can be used to develop affordable, flexible and compact multi-MeV electron, proton and gamma-ray radiation sources suitable for medical treatments and applications. This research will provide unique opportunities for the training of highly qualified personnel through regular hands-on experiments with high-intensity laser experimental facilities at the University of Alberta and international collaborations on large-scale laser systems around the world.