Mitigation and management of Cry1F resistance in European corn borer in Canada

加拿大欧洲玉米螟 Cry1F 抗性的缓解和管理

• 批准号: 549683-2019
• 负责人: Hallett, RebeccaR
• 金额: $ 11.06万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753340
• 关键词: Mitigation; management; Cry1F; resistance; European

European corn borer (ECB; Ostrinia nubilalis) has been an economic pest of corn throughout North America since its first detection in the early 20th century. Feeding injury by ECB in corn results in yield loss, ear drop, stalk breakage, and lodging, impeding harvest. Management of ECB and incurred yield losses were estimated to exceed $1.3 billion CAD across North America before the introduction of genetically modified corn that expresses insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt corn). Since its first introduction in 1996, Bt corn has been widely adopted for ECB management and in 2017, 85% of corn acres in Canada were planted with Bt corn. Resistance development to Bt proteins is a major threat to the sustainable use of Bt corn; however, ECB remained susceptible to Bt toxins after more than 20 years of intensive use in North America. In 2018, our research team discovered the first case of practical field-evolved resistance to Bt corn in North America within ECB in Nova Scotia, Canada. The development of resistance to Bt protein by ECB has wide-ranging implications for the continued success of Bt corn in North America. The principal objective of the proposed research is to mitigate Cry1F resistance in ECB in Canada. To achieve this, it is critical to understand the phenology of ECB in Eastern Canada, characterize the Cry1F resistance discovered in NS, determine the current distribution of Cry1F-resistant populations, and the susceptibility of ECB in Canada to remaining Bt proteins for sustainable management. This situation also provides an opportunity to evaluate the industry-led strategy to mitigate Cry1F resistance by replacing single event Bt corn hybrids with pyramided products for ECB control. Lastly, this occurrence provides an opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of current insect resistance monitoring (IRM) strategies for Bt corn in Canada and to investigate potential ways to improve IRM using molecular techniques.

欧洲玉米螟（ECB; Ostrinia nubilalis）自20世纪初首次被发现以来，一直是北美玉米的经济害虫。ECB对玉米的采食伤害导致产量损失、穗脱落、秸秆断裂和倒伏，阻碍收获。在引入表达苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫蛋白的转基因玉米（Bt玉米）之前，整个北美对ECB的管理和产生的产量损失估计超过13亿加元。自1996年首次引入以来，Bt玉米已被广泛用于欧洲央行的管理，2017年，加拿大85%的玉米种植了Bt玉米。对Bt蛋白的抗性发展是Bt玉米可持续利用的主要威胁；然而，在北美密集使用了20多年后，ECB仍然容易受到Bt毒素的影响。2018年，我们的研究团队在加拿大新斯科舍省的欧洲央行发现了北美第一例实际的田间进化抗Bt玉米病例。ECB对Bt蛋白抗性的发展对Bt玉米在北美的持续成功具有广泛的影响。拟议研究的主要目的是减轻加拿大ECB的Cry1F耐药性。为了实现这一目标，了解加拿大东部ECB的物候特征，表征在NS中发现的Cry1F抗性，确定Cry1F抗性种群的当前分布，以及加拿大ECB对剩余Bt蛋白的易感性是至关重要的，以便进行可持续管理。这种情况也提供了一个机会来评估行业主导的策略，通过用ECB控制的金字塔产品取代单事件Bt玉米杂交品种来减轻Cry1F抗性。最后，这一事件提供了一个机会来评估目前加拿大Bt玉米抗虫监测（IRM）策略的有效性，并研究利用分子技术改进IRM的潜在方法。