Novel strategies to mitigate GHG emissions from urban forestry waste

减少城市林业废物温室气体排放的新策略

• 批准号: 577155-2022
• 负责人: Thomas, SeanC
• 金额: $ 34.93万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753638
• 关键词: Novel; strategies; mitigate; GHG; emissions

Urbanization affects close to 1.0 x 10^6 km^2 with ~68% of the global population expected to reside in urban areas by 2050. Urban areas are now recognized as hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for more than half of total estimated GHG emissions globally. While energy use of the built environment and transportation sectors dominates emissions, direct GHG emissions from urban waste streams and soils are also large but poorly resolved contributors; moreover, urban land use can substantially modify energy demand - for example urban trees can mitigate the urban heat island effect and thus reduce energy use. The proposed project will provide data to better quantify GHG emissions from urban forestry waste at processing sites and when used as mulch in three major urban areas in Canada. Our recent studies in log processing sites in operational forestry suggest that large methane emissions are associated with forestry waste material. Targeting reductions in methane emissions is important as methane accounts for ~30% of anthropogenic climate forcing and has a short atmospheric half-life. The study will examine mitigation of GHG emission in this sector through conversion of urban forestry waste to pyrolyzed organic matter (biochar), with a focus on biochar use in urban soils and green infrastructure to enhance C sequestration, reduce substrate GHG emissions (particularly of methane), and increase urban vegetation growth and physiological performance. In collaboration with partners, we will also examine use of innovative biochar-based products, including pelletized biochars and biochar-coasted seeds, in an urban forestry and urban green infrastructure context. Integration, modeling, and life-cycle analysis components of the project will address the potential for novel strategies to generate a "virtuous cycle" in which waste material from urban vegetation is recycled as biochar for use in urban forestry and green infrastructure, with knock-on benefits that include reduced urban energy demand.

城市化影响了近1.0 x 10^6平方公里，预计到2050年，全球约68%的人口将居住在城市地区。城市地区现在被认为是温室气体排放的热点，占全球温室气体排放总量的一半以上。虽然建筑环境和交通部门的能源使用占排放量的主要部分，但城市废物流和土壤的直接温室气体排放量也很大，但没有得到很好的解决;此外，城市土地使用可以大大改变能源需求-例如，城市树木可以减轻城市热岛效应，从而减少能源使用。拟议的项目将提供数据，以更好地量化加拿大三个主要城市地区城市林业废物在加工场和用作覆盖物时的温室气体排放量。我们最近的研究表明，大量的甲烷排放与林业废物有关。针对甲烷排放量的减少很重要，因为甲烷占人为气候强迫的约30%，并且在大气中的半衰期很短。该研究将通过将城市林业废弃物转化为热解有机物（生物炭）来审查该部门的温室气体排放减缓，重点是在城市土壤和绿色基础设施中使用生物炭，以加强碳固存，减少基质温室气体排放（特别是甲烷），并增加城市植被生长和生理性能。我们还将与合作伙伴合作，研究在城市林业和城市绿色基础设施背景下使用创新的生物炭产品，包括颗粒状生物炭和生物炭种子。该项目的整合、建模和生命周期分析部分将探讨新战略的潜力，以产生一个“良性循环”，在这个循环中，城市植被的废弃物被回收为生物炭，用于城市林业和绿色基础设施，并带来连锁效益，包括减少城市能源需求。