Eco-Meteorology

生态气象学

• 批准号: CRC-2021-00308
• 负责人: Knox, Sara
• 金额: $ 6.92万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754738
• 关键词: Eco; Meteorology

Among the numerous ecosystem services provided by wetlands, climate regulation is identified as one of their most important benefits to society. Wetland ecosystems play an important role in the global carbon cycle; they provide the ideal environment for long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide, yet they are also the largest single source of methane emissions. Climate change has the potential to increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wetlands, however, the consequences of rising temperatures on wetland GHG exchange remains uncertain. Furthermore, preventing further wetland loss and restoring wetland ecosystems has been identified by researchers and governments, including the Government of Canada, as important in limiting future emissions to help meet climate goals.With growing interest in wetland management and restoration as a Natural Climate Solution, improved estimates of wetland carbon sequestration and GHG fluxes across wetland types are strongly needed. The CRC in Eco-Meteorology therefore aims to contribute to an improved understanding of the response of wetland carbon dynamics to management and climate change in key wetland types across Canada. Here we focus on restored peatlands in British Columbia, tidal wetlands along the Pacific Coast, and wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of western Canada since these ecosystems are understudied relative to other wetland types in Canada, yet they play important roles in carbon cycling and climate regulation. Specifically, the integrated GHG Research and Observations in Wetlands (iGROW) research program leverages existing funding and infrastructure to investigate carbon and GHG dynamics across six wetland sites, with the aims of measuring and modeling GHG exchange. By combining field-based measurements, remote sensing, and modelling, this research will provide new insights into the controls on wetland GHG dynamics, and quantify the potential climate benefits of wetland management and conservation. This research is key to better predicting wetland feedbacks to climate change, which in turn will directly help inform regional and national climate mitigation strategies and related policy development.

在湿地提供的众多生态系统服务中，气候调节被确定为其最重要的社会效益之一。湿地生态系统在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用；它们为长期储存大气中的二氧化碳提供了理想的环境，但它们也是甲烷排放的最大单一来源。气候变化有可能增加湿地温室气体(GHG)的排放，然而，温度上升对湿地温室气体交换的影响仍不确定。此外，防止湿地进一步丧失和恢复湿地生态系统已被研究人员和政府(包括加拿大政府)确定为限制未来排放量以帮助实现气候目标的重要因素。随着人们对湿地管理和恢复作为自然气候解决方案的兴趣日益浓厚，迫切需要改进对湿地碳固存和湿地类型温室气体通量的估计。因此，生态气象学合作伙伴关系旨在帮助更好地了解加拿大境内主要湿地类型的湿地碳动态对管理和气候变化的反应。在这里，我们重点关注不列颠哥伦比亚省的恢复泥炭地、太平洋海岸的潮汐湿地和加拿大西部草原坑洞地区的湿地，因为相对于加拿大的其他湿地类型，这些生态系统的研究还不够深入，但它们在碳循环和气候调节方面发挥着重要作用。具体地说，湿地温室气体研究和观测(IGrow)综合研究计划利用现有的资金和基础设施来调查六个湿地站点的碳和温室气体动态，目的是测量和模拟温室气体交换。通过将实地测量、遥感和建模相结合，这项研究将为湿地温室气体动态控制提供新的见解，并量化湿地管理和保护的潜在气候效益。这项研究是更好地预测湿地对气候变化的反馈的关键，这反过来将直接有助于为区域和国家气候缓解战略和相关政策制定提供信息。