Phosphorus mobilization in artificially drained agricultural landscapes

人工排水农业景观中的磷动员

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-02952
• 负责人: Macrae, Merrin
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754889
• 关键词: Phosphorus; mobilization; artificially; drained; agricultural

Phosphorus (P) export from non-point sources in agriculture-dominated catchments is a global issue, and a priority area for many regions in Canada, where harmful and nuisance algal blooms have been observed in lakes with increasing frequency. Despite the implementation of conservation practices to reduce P loss, P loads are not decreasing and are increasing in some regions. Some of the accelerated losses of P have been linked to the artificial (tile) drainage of agricultural lands, which can rapidly deliver nutrients from recently applied fertilizers as well as legacy stores in the landscape. With the anticipated intensification of the hydrological cycle under a changing climate, tile drainage is expanding throughout North America. Our current conceptual understanding of P mobilization in tile drainage is overgeneralized across different landscapes, climates and management scenarios. Thus, a clearer understanding of the risks of nutrient loss associated with tile drainage is needed. The goal of this proposal, and the short-term objective of my research program is to improve scientific understanding of the impacts of tile drainage on P supply and transport processes from agricultural landscapes. Over the next five years, my research team will provide an improved understanding of P mobilization through the unsaturated vadose zone into tile drains (tile scale) and an improved understanding of differences in P mobilization in tile drained fields with contrasting hydrology (ie poor internal drainage with little groundwater interaction vs variable source area hydrology with shallow groundwater interaction). The proposed work will characterize the complexities of P dynamics across a range of landscapes and environmental conditions. Field investigations will be coupled with novel experiments, and a minimum of five graduate students will be trained as part of this work. This program will have significant environmental and economic impacts as it addresses issues related to land management (tile drainage) as well as climate (and climate change), which are relevant to agriculture and food security. This research is based on data-driven field observations and includes the winter period, during which there is a weak understanding of processes and a paucity of data, and therefore addresses a significant knowledge gap. This will provide an innovative understanding of the contributions of tile drainage to P losses, which is important to balance both crop yields and water quality and thus ensure to future food and water security.

农业为主的流域非点源磷（P）输出是一个全球性问题，也是加拿大许多地区的优先领域，在这些地区，湖泊中有害和滋扰性藻华的发生频率越来越高。尽管实施保护措施，以减少磷流失，磷负荷并没有减少，并在某些地区增加。一些磷的加速损失与农业土地的人工（瓷砖）排水有关，这可以快速提供最近施用的肥料以及景观中的遗留储存的营养物质。随着气候变化下水文循环的预期加剧，整个北美的排水系统正在扩大。我们目前对瓷砖排水中磷动员的概念性理解在不同的景观，气候和管理方案中被过度概括。因此，需要更清楚地了解与瓷砖排水相关的营养流失风险。这个建议的目标，我的研究计划的短期目标是提高科学认识的瓷砖排水对磷供应和运输过程从农业景观的影响。在接下来的五年里，我的研究团队将提供一个更好的理解磷动员通过非饱和包气带到瓷砖排水沟（瓷砖规模）和更好的理解差异在瓷砖排水领域与对比水文（即差的内部排水与地下水相互作用与浅地下水相互作用的可变源区水文）。拟议的工作将在一系列的景观和环境条件的P动态的复杂性的特点。实地调查将与新颖的实验相结合，作为这项工作的一部分，至少有五名研究生将接受培训。该计划将产生重大的环境和经济影响，因为它解决了与土地管理（瓷砖排水）以及气候（和气候变化）有关的问题，这些问题与农业和粮食安全有关。这项研究以数据驱动的实地观察为基础，包括冬季，在此期间，对过程的理解薄弱，数据缺乏，因此解决了重大的知识差距。这将为瓷砖排水对磷损失的贡献提供创新性的理解，这对于平衡作物产量和水质并确保未来的粮食和水安全非常重要。