Probing the relationship between doing and watching to promote motor performance and learning

探索做和看之间的关系以促进运动表现和学习

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-04359
• 负责人: Hodges, Nicola
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=757935
• 关键词: Probing; relationship; between; doing; watching

Nature of work/research importance: In this age of online-learning & video apps, which has been acutely brought into focus with COVID, questions concerning how individuals effectively adapt and learn movement skills (or think they learn) from watching others are critically important. Through practice interventions, which involve imagery, observation or physical practice, I will test how these hidden and visible methods of practice impact explicit strategies as well as more unaware processes. These latter processes give an indication of adjustments to motor plans and can develop independently from those that are more explicit (with positive & negative consequences). I am interested in how well perceptions of ability match actual capabilities and how imagining acting might better tune these perceptions than just watching. Observing others make mistakes appears to activate processes involved in learning and performance differently to watching accurate performance. The conditions and effects associated with errorful and errorfree watching guide the current research, with this research informing as to the role of expectancies in adapting later movement. A framework based on "optimizing challenge" is promising for testing the practice conditions that best promote learning. I am interested in the specific processes which optimize challenge during practice and how individuals choose to moderate challenge. This research will add to knowledge concerning how people acquire, retain and transfer knowledge across various motor skill contexts, informing theoretical understanding but also providing guides for efficient and effective practice methods. Outcomes/Benefits: My research is situated at the nexus of basic and applied, with fundamental knowledge about motor learning and control mechanisms driving research with a practical, often sport/coaching-driven focus. I have made efforts to use tasks that have application to more real-to-world actions, in addition to more contrived laboratory tasks, which can afford more control and isolation of practice mechanisms. This research has clear implications for sports training, but acquisition of motor skills is critical to many environments. My work has impacted on coaching practice internationally and in Canada. I directly work with Coaching Ass. of Canada, Cdn. Sport Inst., as well as provincial, national and professional sport organizations. I also collaborate with researchers in clinical-fields (e.g., voice therapy, U. of Sydney). Through NSERC support I offer an enriched environment for scientific study and discovery for all levels of trainees, providing learning experiences for students which arm them with the knowledge and skills to succeed in kinesiology-related fields. Past HQP have gone onto academia, physical-therapy, medicine and sport coaching/conditioning. These professions significantly benefit from knowledge about how to practice and how to provide effective demonstrations.

工作性质/研究重要性：在这个在线学习和视频应用程序的时代，这已经成为COVID的焦点，关于个人如何有效地适应和学习运动技能（或认为他们从观察他人中学习）的问题至关重要。通过实践干预，其中涉及图像，观察或物理实践，我将测试这些隐藏和可见的实践方法如何影响明确的策略以及更多的无意识过程。这些后一种过程给出了对运动计划进行调整的指示，并且可以独立于那些更明确的过程（具有积极和消极的后果）。我感兴趣的是，对能力的感知与实际能力的匹配程度如何，以及想象中的表演如何能比仅仅观看更好地调节这些感知。观察别人犯错误似乎激活了学习和表现的过程，这与观察准确的表现不同。与错误和无错误观看相关的条件和影响指导了当前的研究，这项研究告知了期望在适应后期运动中的作用。一个基于“优化挑战”的框架是有希望的测试实践条件，最好地促进学习。我对在实践中优化挑战的具体过程以及个人如何选择适度挑战感兴趣。这项研究将增加人们如何在各种运动技能背景下获得，保留和转移知识的知识，为理论理解提供信息，同时也为高效和有效的实践方法提供指导。 结果/益处：我的研究位于基础和应用的联系，与运动学习和控制机制驱动研究与实际的，往往是体育/教练驱动的重点的基础知识。我已经努力使用的任务，有更多的应用到现实世界的行动，除了更人为的实验室任务，可以提供更多的控制和隔离的实践机制。这项研究对运动训练有明确的意义，但运动技能的获得对许多环境至关重要。我的工作对国际和加拿大的教练实践产生了影响。我直接和教练屁股一起工作。加拿大，Cdn.体育学院，以及省级、国家和专业体育组织。我还与临床领域的研究人员合作（例如，声音治疗，美国。悉尼）。通过NSERC的支持，我为各级学员提供了一个丰富的科学研究和发现环境，为学生提供学习经验，使他们掌握在运动学相关领域取得成功的知识和技能。过去的HQP已经进入学术界，物理治疗，医学和运动教练/调节。这些专业大大受益于有关如何实践和如何提供有效演示的知识。