Towards a Solution to the Data Double Spending Problem

寻求数据双重支出问题的解决方案

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05383
• 负责人: Lemieux, Victoria
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=758089
• 关键词: Towards; Solution; Data; Double; Spending

Introduction: Personal data collection can improve and individualize many of the interactions and experiences that impact our lives. However, personal data are being harvested, shared and used for secondary purposes (i.e., a purpose about which the individual was not originally informed and did not consent) in ways that have increasing potential to cause harm, such as  "weaponizing" data for the social profiling that undermines democratic institutions.  Neither current public or private sector policies nor legacy technological systems do much to protect against unauthorized secondary use of personal data. Unlocking the potential for more data-driven individualized services while delivering far more robust data protection lies in expanding research to novel technologies such as blockchains - a distributed ledger technology where confirmed and validated sets of transactions are chained together to make tampering difficult. Blockchain's new capabilities (e.g., tokenization and consensus mechanisms that incentivize user behaviour) offer potential solutions. Literature Review: Past studies of privacy and blockchain focus on inadvertent leakage of the identity of blockchain platform users, inadvertent exposure of transaction data, and on the use of blockchain to register and track compliance with user-specified data usage policies. None of these studies address how to prevent unauthorized secondary data usage.  Objectives: The short-term goal of this proposal therefore will be to conduct research that asks: how can blockchain technology, combined with digital rights management, be used to prevent - rather than merely monitor - unauthorized secondary use of data?  Approach and Methodology: The research will build on a program of research on privacy-preserving and secure data sharing using blockchain technology. It will be conducted over five years in two streams focusing on three strategies that leverage the capabilities of blockchain technology to address the problem of unauthorized secondary data usage: 1) tokenization (i.e., a representation of entitlements), 2) digital rights management and 2) consensus mechanism design to disincentivize unauthorized secondary data usage. Stream 1 will take an empirical approach, employing agile software development to prototype design artefacts combining tokenization with digital rights management; Stream 2 will use mechanism design to encode incentives into consensus algorithms within blockchain test beds. HQP Training Plan: The bulk of the research funding will support 1 PhD, 8 MSc and 3 undergraduate students. The research team has a demonstrated track record of commitment to Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and will work with UBC's Equity and Inclusiveness Office to advance its work in this area. Impact: This research will provide significantly greater protection for Canadian consumers, provide HQP training, and offer solutions to Canadian industry partners that will enhance their competitiveness.

个人数据收集可以改善和个性化影响我们生活的许多互动和体验。然而，个人数据正在被收集、共享和用于次要目的（即，个人最初并不知情也不同意的目的），其方式越来越有可能造成伤害，例如将数据“武器化”，用于破坏民主制度的社会特征分析。 释放更多数据驱动的个性化服务的潜力，同时提供更强大的数据保护，在于将研究扩展到新技术，如区块链-一种分布式账本技术，其中确认和验证的交易集被链接在一起，使篡改变得困难。区块链的新功能（例如，激励用户行为的令牌化和共识机制）提供了潜在的解决方案。文献综述：过去对隐私和区块链的研究主要集中在区块链平台用户身份的无意泄露，交易数据的无意暴露，以及使用区块链来注册和跟踪用户指定的数据使用策略的遵守情况。这些研究都没有涉及如何防止未经授权的二次数据使用。目标：因此，本提案的短期目标将是进行研究，询问：如何将区块链技术与数字版权管理相结合，用于防止-而不仅仅是监控-未经授权的二次数据使用？ 方法和方法：该研究将建立在一个关于使用区块链技术保护隐私和安全数据共享的研究计划的基础上。它将在五年内分两个流程进行，重点是利用区块链技术的能力来解决未经授权的二级数据使用问题的三种策略：1）令牌化（即，权利的表示），2）数字权利管理和2）用于抑制未授权的次级数据使用的共识机制设计。Stream 1将采用经验方法，采用敏捷软件开发来原型设计结合令牌化和数字版权管理的人工制品; Stream 2将使用机制设计将激励编码到区块链测试床内的共识算法中。HQP培训计划：大部分研究经费将支持1名博士，8名硕士和3名本科生。该研究团队在致力于公平，多样性和包容性方面有着良好的记录，并将与不列颠哥伦比亚大学的公平和包容性办公室合作，推进其在这一领域的工作。影响力：这项研究将为加拿大消费者提供更大的保护，提供HQP培训，并为加拿大行业合作伙伴提供提高竞争力的解决方案。