Bio-based braided composites for industrial applications

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Braided composites are an advanced manufacturing method that combines interlaced fibers within a matrix material. Braiding is a highly versatile automated manufacturing method where a multitude of matrix and fiber combinations can be used to produce advanced structures. In addition, braid geometries can be altered by changing braid angle or braid pattern in order to control mechanical properties. Natural fibers and bioplastics/bio-resins can be adapted to a braided composite manufacturing process. Combining natural fibers and bioplastics/bio-resins with the braiding process will lead to an automated, near net shape fabrication method with tailor-made mechanical properties. Developing accurate models and methodologies for examining the structure of natural fiber bioplastic/bio-resin braided composites will aid in the adoption of this production method.Combined experimental and analytical methods will be used to evaluate natural fiber braided composites. The long term objective of this project will be to explore alternative natural fiber and bio-based materials for advanced braided composite structures. Currently, many bio-composites are produced using short fibers but higher strength and stiffness can be achieved with continuous fibers. The short term objectives are to examine the micro-structure of natural fiber braided composites; examine the internal strain fields within natural fiber braided composite structures; characterize the mechanical properties of natural fiber braided composites; and develop improved analytical models. The mechanical properties, micro-structure and thermal properties of advanced natural fiber braided composites will be explored using advanced methods such as three dimensional digital image correlation (3D DIC), digital volume correlation (DVC) and micro-computed tomography (µCT). Experimental results will support the development of new analytical models for natural fiber braided composites. This project will train 1 PhD student and 3 MSc students as well as three undergraduate students per year. This is a novel program that combines elements of braiding and bio-composite materials. The outcome of this work will lead to automated natural fiber-bioplastic/bio-resin braid composite production for aerospace and automotive applications as well as other advanced composite structures. Bio-composites are central to reducing current greenhouse emissions and reducing composite material waste. Composites materials have revolutionized a multitude of industries and this trend of innovation will continue with the adoption of environmentally friendly natural fiber braided composites.