Remote sensing applications for understanding pyrodiversity-biodiversity relationships

火是一种重要的生态和进化力量，影响着易起火的陆地生态系统的组成和结构。热解多样性-生物多样性假说表明，火灾发生、大小和严重程度在时空上变化较大的地区(即热解多样性)将拥有更大的生物多样性，这主要是由于生态位变化创造了生态和进化条件，使物种能够共存。然而，对热解多样性-生物多样性假说的经验支持是多种多样的，到目前为止，推断受到现有数据、研究设计和分析规模的限制。随着气候变化和土地利用引起的全球火灾制度的变化，迫切需要更好地了解热解多样性的时空变异性，以支持生物多样性保护和景观管理。卫星遥感是了解全球火灾状况和生物多样性的重要工具。然而，大多数卫星图像的空间和时间尺度限制了我们对精细尺度生态动态的理解，包括火灾前和火灾后景观中的演替模式和物种丰富度。新的遥感数据流，包括整合高光谱和光探测和测距数据(即三维成像光谱学)，提供了了解火灾前和火灾后生境斑块一级的植被多样性和生态条件变化的机会。结合野生动物监测技术，包括踪迹摄像机、声波传感器和GPS遥测项圈，我们可以开始了解植物群落的多样性、野生动物，甚至是单个动物的行为对火灾的反应。利用遥感技术表征的热带性及其对动植物多样性格局的影响，从全球范围到地方范围，将成为HQP领导的多项调查的重点。为了了解物种丰富度、植被和野生动植物群落以及个体动物对火造成的栖息地条件和生态位变化的反应，调查将是多学科的和合作的，为总部提供数据收集和管理方面的实践经验，以及可直接转移到任何就业部门的实验室和现场分析方法。提出的这项研究有助于我的长期研究计划目标，即了解野生动物种群和个人如何应对和适应人类和不断变化的环境条件。我们的小组将对驱动因素或热解多样性以及火如何影响栖息地和生物多样性有更好的了解。通过这样做，我们的目标是为与火和生物多样性相关的生态和进化理论提供新的见解，以及物种可能如何应对不断变化的火制度，从而为生物多样性保护和景观管理提供信息，使所有加拿大人受益。

Fire is an important ecological and evolutionary force shaping the composition and configuration of fire prone terrestrial ecosystems. The pyrodiversity-biodiversity hypothesis suggests regions with greater spatial and temporal variation in fire occurrence, size, and severity (i.e., pyrodiversity) will have greater biodiversity, largely due to niche variation that creates ecological and evolutionary conditions allowing species to co-exist. However, empirical support for the pyrodiversity-biodiversity hypothesis is varied and inference to date has been limited by available data, study design, and scale of analysis. With shifting global fire regimes due to climate change and land use, a better understanding of spatiotemporal variability in pyrodiversity is critically needed to support biodiversity conservation and landscape management. Satellite remote sensing is an essential tool for understanding global fire regimes and biodiversity. However, the spatial and temporal scale of most satellite imagery limits our understanding of fine-scale ecological dynamics, including patterns of succession and species richness in pre- and post-fire landscapes. New remote sensing data streams, including the integration of hyperspectral and light detection and ranging data (i.e., 3D imaging spectroscopy) provide opportunities to understand how vegetation diversity and ecological conditions vary at the patch-level in pre- and post-fire habitat. Combined with wildlife monitoring technologies, including trail cameras, acoustic sensors, and GPS telemetry collars, we can begin to understand how the diversity of communities of vegetation, wildlife, and even the behaviour of individual animals, respond to fire. Pyrodiversity, characterized using remote sensing technologies, and its influence on patterns of biodiversity of both flora and fauna from global to local scales will serve as the focus of multiple HQP-led investigations. In order to understand how species richness, vegetation and wildlife communities, and individual animals respond to habitat conditions and niche variation created by fire, the investigations will be multi-disciplinary and collaborative, providing HQP with hands-on experience in data collection and management, as well as analytical approaches in the lab and field that are directly transferrable to any employment sector. The research proposed contributes to my long-term research program goal of understanding how wildlife populations and individuals respond and adapt to humans and changing environmental conditions. Our group will emerge with a better understanding of the drivers or pyrodiversity and how fire influences habitat and biodiversity. In doing so, we aim to provide new insight to ecological and evolutionary theory related to fire and biodiversity, as well as how species are likely to respond to changing fire regimes that can inform biodiversity conservation and landscape management to the benefit of all Canadians.