Neuromechanics of postural responses to balance loss

平衡丧失的姿势反应的神经力学

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2022-03704
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.04万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Falls are the leading cause of unintentional injuries to older adults and the third-most common cause of worker's injury compensation claims in Canada. To avoid falls and injuries, humans rely on a repertoire of postural responses to balance loss, classified as: 1) balance recovery responses (e.g., stepping or grasping handrails) to avoid falls, and 2) fall protective responses (e.g., upper limb bracing) to reduce impact to body parts during a fall. Our understanding of how humans control postural responses to balance loss is limited. Postural responses to balance loss are much faster than voluntary movements (e.g., reaching after hearing a sound), and involve higher rates of muscle force and joint torque production to halt the momentum of the centre of mass (COM) and torso. These fundamental differences mean that knowledge from voluntary movements applies poorly to the control of postural responses to balance loss. We need a deeper understanding of how humans control postural responses that considers the complexity of individual factors (e.g., age or sex), their task (e.g., carrying a load or walking), and their environment (e.g., lighting or patterned surfaces), to inform evidence-based strategies for fall and injury prevention. My long-term goal is to generate comprehensive models of how the nervous and musculoskeletal systems interact (i.e., neuromechanics) to control postural responses to balance loss, and examine how these responses depend on the individual, the movement task, and the environment, to guide fall and injury prevention strategies. For the proposed DG, my team will run innovative lab experiments to identify how individual factors (e.g., age, sex, strength, proprioception, and landing position) govern the control of fall protective responses. We will also test the effect of tasks on the control of balance recovery and fall protective responses, focusing on carrying loads and other concurrent tasks (walking or talking), age, and sex. Regarding environmental factors, we will test the effect of lighting conditions (ambient lighting, versus head-mounted or floor/handrail-mounted lighting) and the interacting effects of age, sex, and distractions on the control of balance recovery responses. We will quantify the effectiveness of mechanical control with COM/torso momentum (using motion capture), and neural aspects of control with muscle activation and effort (using electromyography). My team's results will provide a foundation to explore future lines of inquiry on the interacting effects of other individual, task and environmental factors on the control of postural responses, such as lighting systems and sleep deprivation, or load carrying and muscle fatigue. In addition to generating new and improving existing models on the control of postural responses, findings from this DG will guide the design of best practices for carrying loads and of lighting systems, for avoiding falls and injuries in the home, community or at work.
在加拿大,福尔斯是老年人意外受伤的主要原因,也是工伤赔偿索赔的第三大常见原因。为了避免福尔斯跌倒和受伤,人类依赖于对平衡丧失的姿势响应的集合,分类为:1)平衡恢复响应(例如,踩踏或抓住扶手)以避免福尔斯,以及2)坠落保护响应(例如,上肢支撑)以减少跌倒时对身体部位的冲击。我们对人类如何控制平衡丧失的姿势反应的理解有限。对平衡丧失的姿势反应比自愿运动快得多(例如,在听到声音后到达),并涉及更高的肌肉力量和关节扭矩产生率,以阻止质心(COM)和躯干的动量。这些根本的差异意味着,知识的自愿运动适用于控制姿势的反应,以平衡损失。我们需要更深入地了解人类如何控制姿势反应,考虑个体因素的复杂性(例如,年龄或性别),他们的任务(例如,携带负载或行走),以及它们的环境(例如,照明或图案化表面),以告知基于证据的跌倒和伤害预防策略。我的长期目标是生成神经和肌肉骨骼系统如何相互作用的综合模型(即,神经力学),以控制姿势的反应,平衡损失,并检查这些反应如何取决于个人,运动任务,和环境,以指导跌倒和受伤预防策略。对于拟议的DG,我的团队将进行创新的实验室实验,以确定各个因素(例如,年龄、性别、力量、本体感觉和着陆位置)控制跌倒保护反应。我们还将测试任务对平衡恢复和跌倒保护反应控制的影响,重点是携带负荷和其他并发任务(步行或说话),年龄和性别。关于环境因素,我们将测试照明条件(环境照明,与头戴式或地板/扶手安装照明)的影响,以及年龄,性别和分心对平衡恢复反应控制的相互作用。我们将用COM/躯干动量(使用动作捕捉)量化机械控制的有效性,以及用肌肉激活和努力(使用肌电图)量化控制的神经方面。我的团队的研究结果将为探索未来的调查路线提供基础,这些调查路线涉及其他个人,任务和环境因素对姿势反应控制的相互作用,例如照明系统和睡眠剥夺,或负荷和肌肉疲劳。除了生成新的和改进现有的姿势反应控制模型外,本DG的研究结果还将指导承载负载和照明系统的最佳实践的设计,以避免在家中、社区或工作中发生福尔斯和受伤。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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Komisar, Vicki其他文献

Characterizing the demands of backward balance loss and fall recovery during stair descent to prevent injury
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102900
  • 发表时间:
    2019-11-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Gosine, Philippa;Komisar, Vicki;Novak, Alison C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Novak, Alison C.
Effects of the Mobility-Fit Physical Activity Program on Strength and Mobility in Older Adults in Assisted Living: A Feasibility Study.
Compensatory stepping responses during real-life falls in older adults
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.01.005
  • 发表时间:
    2023-01-21
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.4
  • 作者:
    Te, Bianca;Komisar, Vicki;Robinovitch, Stephen N.
  • 通讯作者:
    Robinovitch, Stephen N.
A kinematic analysis of balance recovery following an unexpected forward balance loss during stair descent
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103317
  • 发表时间:
    2021-04-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Gosine, Philippa;Komisar, Vicki;Novak, Alison C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Novak, Alison C.
Effect of handrail height and age on the timing and speed of reach-to-grasp balance reactions during slope descent
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102873
  • 发表时间:
    2019-11-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Komisar, Vicki;Maki, Brian E.;Novak, Alison C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Novak, Alison C.

Komisar, Vicki的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Komisar, Vicki', 18)}}的其他基金

Neuromechanics of postural responses to balance loss
平衡丧失的姿势反应的神经力学
  • 批准号:
    DGECR-2022-00030
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.04万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Launch Supplement
Synthetic biology - the 2009 iGEM competition
合成生物学——2009年iGEM竞赛
  • 批准号:
    381867-2009
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.04万
  • 项目类别:
    University Undergraduate Student Research Awards

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    Discovery Launch Supplement
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