Quantum information processing via photonically connected, modular neutral-atom processors

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With the "second quantum revolution", the move beyond quantum information proposals and proof-of-concept experiments requires a full stack of components, including quantum computers. While universal quantum computers remain the ultimate goal, special-purpose devices that solve particular problems provide near-term opportunities to harness the advantages of quantum advantage for real-world technologies. Here, we address the challenge to to realize a special-purpose quantum computer with a modular approach based on photonic interconnects between smaller-scale quantum processors. We will build on recently demonstrated neutral-atom quantum processor technology, where hundreds of optically trapped individual neutral atoms serve as qubits in arbitrarily structured geometries with few-micrometer spacings. Unique to our system, we will leverage our expertise in quantum memory to add ensemble-based optical quantum memories next to these qubits, to interface between one processor and an optical connection that sends information to a second modular processor: this approach offers a solution to the problems of scalability and interactivity, while naturally facilitating distributed quantum computing. These activities will test the functionality of the modular approach, and explore the requirements for interconnection. On the theoretical side of the project, we will explore unique geometries and demonstration algorithms that realize specific quantum simulations. In the next stages, we will test a truly modular system, wherein two test systems are constructed in different parts of the laboratory, to demonstrate the modularity of the approach. While computation is among the most promising of quantum technologies, we anticipate that the modular design can be extended to future atom-based quantum sensors, setting the stage as Alberta's first quantum computer, for a successful venture manufacturing quantum hardware in Alberta, while purpose-designing it for the needs of the Alberta community.