Waves and coupling in the Earth's upper atmosphere

地球高层大气中的波和耦合

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06808
• 负责人: Ward, William
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762602
• 关键词: Waves; coupling; Earth; upper; atmosphere

This proposal supports research into the physics of the middle and upper atmosphere (between 50 and ~250 km). These heights encompass the region where the atmosphere transitions to geospace. It is characterized by large waves (tides, planetary waves and gravity waves) which propagate upward from the lower atmosphere into these heights and ionospheric current systems generated through interactions between the solar wind, Earth's magnetic field and atmospheric motions. Determining the mechanisms which cause the upward and downward flow of constituents and energy through this region is essential to understanding the Sun/Earth system. Given our growing dependence on satellite technologies and the global impact human activities are having on the composition of the atmosphere and its response to the Sun's energy, such an understanding is vital.The proposed research has three components: the development of world class, unique optical instruments to image winds; the establishment and support of ground-based instruments in the Canadian High Arctic which probe the dynamics of the upper atmosphere and the analysis of their observations; the analysis of global data sets from models and satellites to investigate the dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere. We have recently generated the first images ever of winds at a height of 95 km using interferometers to measure Doppler shifts of naturally occurring light from airglow. One component of the proposed research is to optimize and field test these instruments and then use them to remotely “see” winds and investigate the properties of waves present in the upper atmosphere. I currently have a wind interferometer and an all sky imager located at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) at Eureka, Nunavut which provide wind and airglow brightness at heights between 85 and 100 km. Collaborations have been set up with colleagues responsible for other instruments at Eureka and Resolute Bay which take measurements complementing these measurements. Another component of the proposed research is the maintenance and expansion of this network and the analysis of the observations so that the dynamics at these heights becomes known.For a global perspective on the physics of the transition region, satellite observations and output from global general circulation models are needed. Observations of the dynamics of this region of the atmosphere from a sequence of satellites (several of which are Canadian) have been made since the 1990's Output from a Canadian General Circulation model covering the years from 1990 to 2010 is available. A third research component is to use our experience in working with these data sets to characterize the global dynamics and look for long term atmospheric trends

该提议支持对中层和上层大气物理学的研究（50至〜250公里）。这些高度涵盖了大气过渡到地理空间的地区。它的特征是大波（潮汐，行星波和重力波），从下层大气层向上传播到这些高度和电离层电流系统，这些系统通过太阳风，地球磁场和大气运动产生。确定导致成分和能量通过该区域的向上和向下流动的机制对于理解太阳/地球系统至关重要。鉴于我们对卫星技术的依赖日益增长，并且人类活动对大气组成及其对太阳能量的反应的全球影响，这种理解至关重要。拟议的研究具有三个组成部分：世界一流的发展，独特的光学工具，以形象风；在加拿大高北极建立和支持地面仪器，该工具探究了上层大气的动态及其观察的分析；对模型和卫星的全球数据集进行分析，以研究中层和高层大气的动态。最近，我们使用干涉仪在95 km的高度上生成了有史以来的第一批风图，以测量来自气球自然出现的光的多普勒偏移。拟议研究的一个组成部分是优化和现场测试这些仪器，然后使用它们远程“看到”风，并研究上层大气中存在的波的特性。我目前有一个风干涉仪和一个位于努纳武特（Nunavut）尤里卡（Eureka）极性环境大气研究实验室（PEARL）的全天空成像仪，该实验室（Pearl）在高处提供了85至100 km之间的风和气流亮度。已经与负责Eureka和Resolute Bay其他工具的同事建立了合作，该工具进行了测量，以理解这些测量值。拟议的研究的另一个组成部分是该网络的维护和扩展以及对观测值的分析，以便在这些高度上众所周知。对于过渡区域物理学的全球视角，需要全球一般循环模型的卫星观测和输出。自1990年从1990年到2010年的加拿大一般循环模型中，已经从1990年的一般循环模型中对大气区域的动力学进行了观察。第三个研究组成部分是利用我们与这些数据集合作的经验来表征全球动态并寻找长期大气趋势