Strong-gravity compact objects and fundamental gravity tests in the era of gravitational-wave astronomy

引力波天文学时代的强引力致密天体与基础引力测试

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04207
• 负责人: Yang, Huan
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762612
• 关键词: Strong; gravity; compact; objects; fundamental

Four binary black hole and one binary neutron star merger events have been confirmed by gravitational-wave observations so far. With advanced LIGO reaching design sensitivity in a couple of years, detections are expected to arrive on a monthly or weekly basis. New data will bring amazing scientific opportunities to decipher important astrophysical phenomena of very compact objects such as neutron stars and black holes, and push tests of General Relativity to the most extreme limits and allow discoveries in fundamental physics. My research program will focus on unraveling information for “known unknowns” with incoming data, as well as propose new developments in source modelling and data analysis for discovering “unknown unknowns”.This proposal contains an ambitious 5-year plan which targets some of the most important questions in gravitational-wave (astro)physics, taking advantage of upcoming observations. Part of the program also develops science goals for 3rd-generation detectors to enable even more exciting discoveries, strengthening Canadian leadership in this worldwide effort of gravitational-wave community. The proposal comprises two driving themes:1) Strong-field gravitational astrophysics and detector design. The objectives are to unravel physics buried within the detector's data stream, provide new insights to guide observations, and propose methods to improve data quality. I will conduct research in the dynamics of compact object systems in connection to gravitational-wave emissions. I will also study electromagnetic counterparts of binaries that include neutron star(s) in relation to multi-messenger observations. In addition, I shall actively pursue ideas to aid in advanced detector designs and new data analysis approaches for detecting specific characteristics in the signals. 2) Fundamental physics with strongly-gravitating systems. I will examine dynamical signatures of modified theories of gravity and methods to measure, or constrain, violations of General Relativity based on observed gravitational-wave data. Such a task also benefits from measurements using electromagnetic-wave telescopes, e.g., the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. In the longer term, to boost the detectability of non-General Relativity effects that are maximized in the strong-gravity regime, I shall construct phenomenological waveform templates that include the entire inspiral-merger-ringdown stage of compact binary mergers in modified theories of gravity.Through these scientific developments, I will train students and postdocs to acquire scientific and communication skills, by performing research in this amazing era of gravitational-wave astronomy. They will gain invaluable expertise, make contributions to the cutting-edge frontier of astrophysics and revolutionize our understanding of strongly-gravitating astrophysical systems.

到目前为止，重力波观察已经证实了四个二元黑洞和一个二元中子星星合并事件。随着高级LIGO在几年内达到设计敏感性，预计检测将每月或每周到达。新数据将带来惊人的科学机会，以破译非常紧凑的物体（例如中子恒星和黑洞）的重要天体物理现象，并将一般相对性测试推向最极端的限制，并允许在基本物理学中发现。我的研究计划将重点介绍带有传入数据的“已知未知数”的信息，以及用于发现“未知未知数”的源建模和数据分析中的新发展。该提案包含一个雄心勃勃的5年计划，该计划包含重力波（Astro）物理学中一些最重要的问题，利用即将来临的观察。该计划的一部分还为第三代探测器开发科学目标，以使更多令人兴奋的发现在引力波社区的这一全球努力中加强加拿大的领导。这些提案包括两个驾驶主题：1）强场引力天体物理学和探测器设计。这些目标是揭开在检测器数据流中构建的物理学，提供指导观察结果的新见解，以及提高数据质量的建议方法。我将在与重力波排放有关的紧凑对象系统动力学方面进行研究。我还将研究包括中子星在内的二进制组的电磁对应物。此外，我将积极提出想法，以帮助先进的检测器设计和新的数据分析方法来检测信号中的特定特征。 2）具有强大的系统的基本物理学。我将根据观察到的重力波数据来检查修改后的重力理论和重力理论的动态特征，或限制对一般相对性的侵犯。这样的任务还受益于使用电磁波望远镜的测量值，例如费米伽玛射线空间望远镜。从长远来看，为了提高最大化在强大的重大方案中最大化的非一般相对性效应的可检测性，我将构建现象学波浪形模板，这些模板包括整个Inspiral-Merger-Rerger-Ringdown阶段的紧凑型二元合并阶段，以修改的重力理论中的严重性。天文学。他们将获得宝贵的专业知识，为天体物理学的尖端边界做出贡献，并彻底改变了我们对强烈占地的天体物理系统的理解。