The Extreme Gravity Dynamics and Gravitational Waves of Generic Compact Binary Inspirals

一般致密二元螺旋的极端重力动力学和引力波

基本信息

批准号：
1949838
负责人：
Nicolas Yunes
金额：
$ 33.96万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-16 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949838&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Extreme Gravity Dynamics Gravitational Waves

项目摘要

Gravitational wave astrophysics has entered a new era of discovery and exploration, with the Nobel-Prize-earning, first detections of gravitational waves by the advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo ground-based observatories. One of the key missions of LIGO and Virgo is to test Einstein's theory of General Relativity where it has never been tested before: where the gravitational force is enormous and violently changing. Gravitational waves encode invaluable information about this extreme gravity regime, especially in the waves produced when black holes and neutron stars collide. The main objective of this award is to develop ready-to-use models to extract and interpret gravitational waves emitted in eccentric and precessing collisions, so that these models can be used to study astrophysics and test General Relativity with future observations. This research will be integrated with broader impact activities aimed at changing the attitudes of K-12 students and the general public toward physics and science through activities that will be developed in the eXtreme Gravity Institute at Montana State University, a fertile training ground for the next generation of scientists. This project is aimed at (i) the development of analytic, ready-to-use models for the orbital dynamics and gravitational waves emitted in the late inspiral of generic compact binaries (black hole and neutron star binaries with arbitrary spin and eccentricity), and (ii) the use of these models to analyze and interpret current and future ground-based gravitational wave data to study astrophysics and experimental relativity implications. The gravitational wave models used currently are restricted to (at most nearly) quasi-circular inspirals with (typically) spins aligned/anti-aligned with the orbital angular momentum (or to simple-precession-like approximations). Such models are sufficient for the detection and characterization of current GW observations, but as advanced LIGO is upgraded to reach design sensitivity and third-generation detectors are constructed, more accurate models will be needed. Not only will these models prevent the biasing of parameter estimation due to mis-modeling systematics, but the additional information they encode will allow for more accurate parameter estimation and the extraction of new information from the data. This new information, such as the orbital eccentricity and the spin vector components, can inform astrophysical population models, as well as allow for new tests of General Relativity in the mostly-unexplored, extreme gravity regime. The proposed research includes the implementation of the ready-to-use models in data analysis studies to determine the astrophysics and experimental-relativity information that can be extracted from current and future gravitational wave data. This research will be integrated with broader impact activities aimed at changing the attitudes of K-12 students and the general public toward physics and science. "The Art of Physics" activity is an art competition and residency program in the Department of Physics at MSU, in which undergraduate students will be educated in cutting-edge physics and create art works that convey its concepts. The art pieces will compete at a juried exhibition, with the winning artist becoming the resident artist in physics for the next year. The "Learn to Fail" activity is an art installation in which Montana State University faculty will share their failure stories with the MSU student population and general public on camera while contrasting their biggest achievements. Through this juxtaposition between failures and successes, the installation will generate an honest dialogue about the role and meaning of failure in academia. "eXtreme Gravity for Middle School? are fully-formed, standards-aligned lesson plans for middle school teachers aimed at supporting them in learning how to deliver content on topics including gravitational lensing, neutron stars, black holes and gravitational waves to middle school students. Other activities include a black-hole themed bout for the local roller derby team, public talks given by the PI, and continued STEM mentoring for middle-school students from local schools.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

引力波天体物理学进入了一个新的发现和探索时代，诺贝尔·普里尔（Nobel-Pribe）读取了先进的Ligo和先进的处女座地面观测值对引力波的首次检测。 Ligo和处女座的关键任务之一是测试爱因斯坦的一般相对论理论，从未对其进行过测试：重力巨大且剧烈变化。引力波编码有关这种极端重力状态的宝贵信息，尤其是在黑洞和中子星相撞时产生的波。该奖项的主要目的是开发现成的模型，以提取和解释在偏心和进攻碰撞中发出的引力波，以便这些模型可用于研究天体物理学并测试与未来观察结果的一般相对性。这项研究将与旨在通过将在蒙大拿州立大学极端重力研究所开发的活动来改变旨在改变K-12学生和公众对物理和科学的态度的更广泛的影响活动，这是下一代科学家的肥沃培训场。该项目的目的是（i）开发在通用紧凑型二进制二进制的后期灵感中发出的轨道动力学和引力波的分析，现成的模型（黑洞和中子星形二进制二进制型，具有任意旋转和偏心率），以及（ii）这些模型的使用来分析和解释当前和未来的Graveration Gractitation sellistion contriptication contrictication controptical resistications resistications contropticalssics and trastorys saltersics and tastorrations saltorpations saltersics和实验。当前使用的引力波模型仅限于（最多几乎）的准圆形灵感，其旋转与轨道角动量（或简单明显的近似值）对齐/抗对齐。这样的模型足以检测和表征当前的GW观测值，但是由于高级LIGO升级以达到设计敏感性，并构建了第三代探测器，因此需要更准确的模型。这些模型不仅会由于错误模型系统的系统而阻止参数估计的偏置，而且它们编码的其他信息将允许更准确的参数估计以及从数据中提取新信息。这些新信息，例如轨道偏心率和自旋矢量成分，可以为天体物理人群模型提供信息，并允许在大多数未阐明的极端重力制度中进行一般相对论的新测试。拟议的研究包括在数据分析研究中实施现成的模型，以确定可以从当前和将来的重力波数据中提取的天体物理学和实验率信息。这项研究将与旨在改变K-12学生和公众对物理和科学的公众态度的更广泛的影响活动相结合。 “物理艺术”活动是MSU物理学系的艺术竞争和居住计划，其中本科生将接受尖端物理学的教育，并创建传达其概念的艺术作品。艺术作品将在一个评审展览中竞争，获奖艺术家将成为明年物理学的常驻艺术家。 “学会失败”活动是一种艺术装置，蒙大拿州立大学教师将与MSU学生群体和公众在相机上分享他们的失败故事，同时与他们最大的成就进行对比。通过失败与成功之间的这种并置，该装置将就学术界失败的作用和含义产生诚实的对话。 “中学的极端引力吗？是针对中学老师的完整，标准一致的课程计划，旨在支持他们学习如何在包括重力镜头，中子明星，黑洞，黑洞和引力浪潮在内的主题上交付内容，向中学生提供其他活动。其他活动。 NSF的法定使命，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估值得支持。