Tracking the beat of music: Mechanisms underpinning inter-individual differences and effects on rhythm learning

追踪音乐的节拍：支持个体间差异的机制及其对节奏学习的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05453
• 负责人: DallaBella, Simone
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=763735
• 关键词: Tracking; beat; music; Mechanisms; underpinning

Humans, musicians and non-musicians alike, are generally highly skilled at perceiving the regular pulse of music (i.e., its beat) and at moving to it. However, even though the majority can track the beat there is considerable inter-individual variability. This is shown mostly by single-case studies on individuals with poor rhythmic abilities. Little is known about the causes of these inter-individual differences in beat tracking. The long-term goal of this research program is to shed light on the fundamental mechanisms underlying beat tracking and its variability in the general population. This is part of a long-term vision, which has driven my research for more than a decade, aimed at gaining a better understanding of musicality and its variability in the general population. This research program will focus on identifying profiles of beat tracking skills in the general population using explicit and implicit tasks, in relation with general cognitive functioning. Moreover it will examine how these inter-individual differences affect the learning of beat tracking skills. The program includes three parts, to achieve three inter-related goals. In the first part, the goal is to characterise individual profiles for beat tracking in a large group of participants using comprehensive behavioural testing of explicit and implicit timing, and of cognitive functions. The second part will capitalise on the results obtained in the first part to examine the effect of a dedicated rhythm training protocol over both beat tracking skills and cognitive functions, in relation to individual profiles of beat tracking. Finally, in the third part the individual electrophysiological and behavioural predictors of learning speed and accuracy using the same rhythm training protocol will be thoroughly examined.

人类，无论是音乐家还是非音乐家，通常都非常善于感知音乐的规律脉搏（即节拍），并跟着节拍移动。然而，尽管大多数人都能追踪到节拍，但个体之间存在相当大的差异。这主要是通过对节奏能力差的个体的单一案例研究来证明的。我们对这些个体间心跳追踪差异的原因知之甚少。这项研究计划的长期目标是阐明在一般人群中搏动追踪及其变化的基本机制。这是一个长期愿景的一部分，它推动了我十多年的研究，旨在更好地理解音乐性及其在普通人群中的可变性。本研究项目将着重于识别一般人群中使用显性和隐性任务的节奏跟踪技能的概况，以及与一般认知功能的关系。此外，它将研究这些个体间差异如何影响拍跟踪技能的学习。该计划包括三个部分，以实现三个相互关联的目标。在第一部分中，我们的目标是通过对显式和隐式计时以及认知功能进行全面的行为测试，在一大群参与者中描述节拍跟踪的个人特征。第二部分将利用在第一部分中获得的结果来检查一个专门的节奏训练协议对节奏跟踪技能和认知功能的影响，与节奏跟踪的个人概况有关。最后，在第三部分中，使用相同的节奏训练方案的学习速度和准确性的个体电生理和行为预测将被彻底检查。