Perturbations to self-regulation and attentional control as a function of adverse childhood experiences

不良童年经历对自我调节和注意力控制的干扰

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05619
• 负责人: Lackner, Christine
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Mount Saint Vincent University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764064
• 关键词: Perturbations; self; regulation; attentional; control

Self-regulation, a collection of skills involved in the successful completion of goal-directed activity, shows wide individual variation. Poor self-regulation during adolescence and young adulthood have been associated with both externalizing (e.g., risk-taking and substance use) and internalizing behaviors (e.g., anxiety, depression), as well as poor academic achievement, outcomes which themselves have pronounced individual and societal repercussions. Further, childhood and adolescence are behaviorally and neurophysiologically sensitive developmental time periods for stress exposure. Children reared in toxic environments are at an increased risk for physical and mental ill health in adulthood. The proposed research program will investigate individual differences in prefrontal cortex functioning, a brain region integral to self-regulation, alongside measures of day-to-day self-regulation, and adverse childhood experiences. We aim to more fully characterize the relationships among these variables and to determine the earliest stage of information processing where hypothesized effects exist. Isolating the precise timing of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on information processing will allow for more effective interventions in populations where self-regulation is impaired. The research team will investigate the subjective impact of the stressful experience, the participant's level of resilience, and the timing of the exposure, all factors which are believed to impact outcomes.

自我调节是成功完成目标导向活动所涉及的技能的集合，表现出广泛的个体差异。在青春期和成年初期，自我调节能力差与外化（例如，冒险和物质使用）和内化行为（例如，焦虑、抑郁）以及学业成绩差，这些结果本身就对个人和社会产生了明显的影响。此外，童年和青春期是行为和神经生理上对压力暴露敏感的发育时期。在有毒环境中长大的儿童成年后身心健康不良的风险更大。拟议的研究计划将调查前额叶皮层功能的个体差异，这是自我调节不可或缺的大脑区域，以及日常自我调节的措施和不良的童年经历。我们的目标是更充分地描述这些变量之间的关系，并确定最早阶段的信息处理假设的影响存在。隔离不良童年经历对信息处理的影响的精确时间将允许在自我调节受损的人群中进行更有效的干预。研究小组将调查压力体验的主观影响，参与者的弹性水平以及暴露的时间，所有这些因素都被认为会影响结果。