海峡两岸黄鳝基因组特征、遗传适应及进化

黄鳝是我国名优特经济淡水鱼类，是淡水鱼中最小基因组的鱼类，并具天然性逆转特征，其独特的基因组和进化地位是生物学研究的新型模式动物。然而，国内外尚缺乏黄鳝遗传学基本资料，限制了海峡两岸开发和利用这一独特物种资源。海峡两岸及其南海区域黄鳝种质资源的开发和利用符合国家利益。本项目基于本课题组所获得的黄鳝全基因组计划独特资源，围绕海峡两岸黄鳝种质特性、遗传适应性和进化特征的主题，阐明大陆与台湾地区黄鳝基因组的特征及其差异性，遗传多态性特性；探索生殖适应与生殖机制及其与当地环境的遗传适应性变化；研究黄鳝的进化特征及与淡水鱼类的进化关系。这些原创资料的获得，将有望对鱼类物种形成和进化认识做出贡献。对于开发海峡两岸黄鳝的遗传资源和新品种培育具有重大的基础研究价值和应用意义。

In addition to unique economic importance of the swamp eel as a freshwater fish in aquacultural production, it is an increasingly recognized model species for biological studies, because of its small genome size and naturally occurring sex reversal. The lack of the species genetics and population information limits the resources development and utilization of this unique species across the Taiwan straits. It is in the national interest to carry out research on the species resource development and utilization both sides of the Taiwan straits and the south China sea area. Therefore, based on our new data-set of the whole genome sequencing project of the swamp eel, the genome characteristic, genetic adaptation and evolution of the swamp eels in the cross-strait and south China sea area will be investigated. Genetic diversity, reproductive adaptation and reproductive mechanisms will be systematically conducted. Genetic adaptations to local environment will be also studied. In addition, evolution status of swamp eel and its relationship with other fish species will be analyzed. These efforts will benefit our further understanding in fish speciation and evolution together with great theoretical value in basic biology and practical significance in fish breeding and production.