番茄识别菌根因子的分子机制

大多数陆生植物都能与丛枝菌根(AM)真菌形成互利互惠的共生关系，它可以帮助植物提高水分和矿质元素的吸收，植物与AM真菌共生分子机制的研究具有广泛生理生态学意义。而共生关系的建立是由植物识别AM真菌信号分子起始，然后根表皮细胞发生变化从而指引菌丝进一步侵入到内皮层形成丛枝结构。菌根因子是AM真菌分泌的主要信号分子之一，然而植物识别菌根因子的分子机制还不是很清楚。我们前期已经通过反向遗传学的方法筛选得到番茄识别菌根因子的候选受体SlLYK10和SlLYK11, 属于LysM受体激酶家族蛋白。本项目中我们拟进一步确认SlLYK10和SlLYK11为菌根因子受体，并对SlLYK10-SlLYK11受体复合体识别菌根因子以及信号转导的生化机制做更详细分析，初步阐明番茄识别菌根因子的分子机制，这将为AM真菌在生产上的应用提供更多科学依据和理论支撑。

The symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and the majority of land plants improves the water and nutrient uptake for plants, which could offer an attractive way to reduce the use of fossil-fuel derived chemical fertilizer, improve soil health and mitigate negative environmental effects. The AM symbiosis is initiated by the signal communication between partners. Signals produced by host plants, for example strigolactones, could stimulate AM fungal germination and presymbiotic growth. After recognizing plant signals, AM fungi will secret signal molecules too, such as Myc factors, which consist of short-chain chitin backbone with various substitutions. The key step in establishing the AM symbiosis is the plant recognition of fungal signal molecules. However, how plants recognize Myc factors is still unclear. In our preliminary data, we identified the candidate receptors of Myc factors in Solanum lycopersicum, namely SlLYK10 and SlLYK11, using a reverse genetic approach. In this application, we proposed to confirm that SlLYK10 and SlLYK11 proteins could bind to Myc factors directly, and investigate the molecular mechanism how receptors bind to Myc factors and how the signal is transduced from the plasma membrane to the cytosol.