中国东南各族群的遗传混合

中国东南地区民族众多，是南方汉人、百越以及苗瑶各族群起源、迁徙和多样化的重要地区，也是人群进入台湾和东南亚的主要通道。但由于取样不足、缺少全基因组水平的数据，该地域的人群遗传多样性和群体历史仍是非常模糊。本项目计划对中国东南各地区的畲、苗、瑶、汉、客家、疍民等族群进行详尽的取样调查，使用60万位点(包含大量的Y染色体和线粒体谱系识别位点)的全基因组水平的基因芯片进行分型，并对东南地区重要考古遗址的古人遗骸进行全基因组测序。通过与已发表的东亚仍至世界范围的古今各族群的数据进行比较分析，我们将重构中国东南的群体遗传混合历史，并对该地区的法医群体和个体识别、族群易感疾病遗传分析等提供重要参考。

Southeast China is suggested to be the key region for the origin and diversification of southern Han Chinese, Daic and Hmong-Mien speaking populations and the main route of the peopling of Taiwan and Southeast Asia. However, the genetic history of the populations in Southeast China is far from clear due to limited sampling and genome-wide genotyping. We plan to collect present-day samples from She, Miao, Yao, Han, Hakka, and Danmin populations and genotype about 600,000 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (including a large number of phylogenetic relevant markers on the Y chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA). We will also generate genome-wide data from ancient human remains in the important archaeological sites of southeast China. By coanalyzing our data with published ancient and present-day populations, we are going to reconstruct the population history of Southeast China and shed more light on forensic identification and genetic analysis of susceptible diseases.