道路交通碳排放因占比大并持续增长，其减排涉及燃料供应企业、汽车制造企业、车辆使用者等多类相互作用的异质责任主体，导致现有针对单一主体的非市场化减排举措存在效果不确定和反弹效应等问题，使其成为全球气候变化治理的焦点与难点。本研究以促进燃料排放因子、车辆能耗率、居民出行需求三个道路交通碳减排主要驱动因素的协同优化为核心，拟构建政府-企业-居民协同共治的道路交通碳交易机制。主要研究内容包括：设计两级市场联动、多主体协同的道路交通碳交易机制；解析碳交易机制下多主体行为演变规律与协同作用机理；基于多主体仿真进行道路交通碳交易影响效应评估；面向新能源汽车推广的道路交通碳交易政策优化。本研究将移动排放源纳入碳交易体系，融合设计上中下游一体化交易机制，是碳交易理论的重要创新与拓展；支持建立的燃油汽车反哺新能源汽车的市场机制与多主体协同的道路交通碳排放新型市场化治理体系，将推动国家环境治理能力的现代化。

Road transport carbon emissions account for a large proportion and continue to grow, and the reduction of emissions relate to fuel supply enterprises, automobile manufacturers, vehicle users and other types of heterogeneous interactional responsibility subject, which lead to the existing single-oriented non-market-based emission reduction initiatives have uncertain effects and rebound effects and other problems, making it the focus and difficulty of global climate change governance. This study focuses on the collaborative optimization of the three main driving factors for road transport reduction emission as fuel emission factor, vehicle energy consumption rate, resident travel demand, to establish a road transport carbon trading based on government - enterprise - resident collaborative governance. The main research contents include: the design of road transport trading mechanism with two-level linkage market and multi-agent coordination, analysis the multi-agent behavior evolution and coordination mechanism under carbon trading, road transport carbon impact assessment based on multi-agent simulation; optimization of road transport carbon trading policy for the promotion of new energy vehicles. This study integrates mobile emission sources to design an overall carbon trading system with upstream, midstream and downstream, which is an important innovation and development of carbon trading theory. This study will support the establishment of market mechanism in which the fuel vehicle refueling new energy vehicle and a multi-agent collaborative as well as market-oriented road transport carbon emissions governance system. It will promote the modernization of national environmental governance capacity.