基于GIS技术的中国儿童矮小症的空间分布特征及环境归因分析

身高是儿童生长的健康指标。矮小症是低于身高标准-2SD的常见残障。抽样调查示，我国约有八百万中重度生长迟缓儿童，且以16.1万的年增速递增；身高受遗传内因、地理环境和社会经济外因等交互影响，存在明显空间分异特征。我国现有身高标准制定缺乏地理环境和社会经济状况的多维度衡量，使矮小症诊断存在高评或低估，造成漏诊及过度治疗。本研究依据现有多个身高发育数据库，基于GIS空间综合数据库，阐明我国0-18岁儿童身高的空间分布模式及区域性差异，探析地理环境与社会经济状况对身高生长的影响，建立不同地区矮小症校正系数及监测标准，准确判断矮小症分布数据及区域化的防治策略。该研究克服了目前对儿童身高采用的按行政划分抽样统计建立标准，忽略区域内人群的差异性、区域间不同人群个体与其地理环境和社会经济发展交互作用导致的个体生长发育的空间差异。结果依赖我国人口、地理数据独占性，获得自主知识产权研究成果。

Height is a health indicator during the growth of children. The Short Stature is a common disability which is lower than the -2SD of the height standard. The sampling survey reveals that there are about eight million children with moderate to severe growth retardation which is increasing at the rate of 16100 every year. Height is influenced by internal hereditary, geographical environment and the external Social and economic factors and is characterized by spatial differentiation. The established standard of height in China lacks of multidimensional measure of geographical environment and social economic conditions, which makes the diagnosis of Short Stature not accurate, and further leads to misdiagnosis and overtreatment. The purpose of this study which is based on the existing multiple height development database and GIS spatial General Databases lies in explaining the spatial distribution pattern and regional differences of 0-18 years children in China ,exploring the impact of geographical environment and social economic conditions on stature, building the correction factor and monitoring standards of Short Stature in different area, estimating exactly the distribution data and regionalization of the prevention and control strategy. This study overcomes the establishment standards of sampling statistics which is divided by administrative region about the children stature, ignores the difference of regional population and Interaction between individuals of different population and its geographical environment and social and economic development， which lead to spatial differences of individual growth and development. The results depend on the exclusivity of population and geographic datain pour country, and get independent intellectual property rights research.