大型公共建筑设计方案可持续性评价与比选机制探究——基于PDM理念及BIM技术

贯彻落实科学发展观，强调项目经济、社会、生态可持续性是进行大型公共建筑建设的前提和保障。本研究聚焦大型公共建筑设计方案，通过实施参与式决策（PDM）机制，对应项目社会影响水平，甄选可持续性评判人员；通过应用建筑信息模型（BIM）技术，结合项目利益群体诉求，完善可持续性评判指标，最终构建大型公共建筑设计方案可持续性评价与比选模型并检验修正（实证），实现决策的科学化、民主化，提升项目综合效益。本研究契合当前理论研究和实际应用的发展趋势，通过研究建立我国大型公共建筑社会影响评价指标，理清各利益群体在不同工程阶段相对重要性的评价维度，定量分析并实证检验各利益相关者群体在项目规划设计阶段利益诉求，改善可持续性评价指标的微观性（经济维度）、定量性（社会维度）、客观性（生态维度），丰富参与式决策理论和建筑信息模型理论，突破项目可持续性定性分析和理论研究的瓶颈，对和谐社会和“两型”社会的建设具有重要意义。

Implementing the scientific concept of development is an essential prerequisite for delivering large-scale public buildings. As a result, the economic, social and ecological sustainability of a project should be comprehensively emphasized. This research, therefore, focuses on the sustainable performance of design proposals of large-scale public buildings in China. The participatory decision-making (PDM) mechanism helps to select experts for assessing the sustainability of design proposals in line with the project social impact. On the other hand, the evaluation system can be improved by applying the building information modeling (BIM) technique and incorporating the diverse concerns of multiple project stakeholders. The model for evaluating and ranking the sustainability of design proposals of large-scale public buildings can be then established and verified (through case studies and validation interviews) to achieve scientific and democratic decision – making. This study corresponds to the development trend of theoretical research and practical application: the modeling process involves quantitative analysis of the project social impact; the relative importance of different stakeholder groups; and the degree of consensus/conflict among their concerns during the project conceptual stage. The research outcomes are expected to improve the current indicator system (in terms of the microcosmic, quantitative and objective nature for the economic, social and ecological dimension respectively), enrich the theories of participatory decision-making (PDM) and building information modeling (BIM) by incorporating quantitative analysis and empirical study. The research findings are also valuable for building a harmonious, resource-saving and environment-friendly society.