研究开发和利用能源植物是国家和云南省产业发展战略的需求，小桐子（Jatropha curcas L.）是具有巨大开发潜力的能源植物树种，低温是限制小桐子产业发展的重要环境因素。我们发现不同种源的小桐子抗冷性有明显差异，低温锻炼可显著提高小桐子抗冷性。基于前期工作基础及Illumina Hiseq 2000高通量测序技术平台，以两个抗冷性有显著差异的小桐子种群为材料，本项目拟研究：① 低温锻炼提高小桐子抗冷性过程中转录组的变化与分析比较，构建对低温响应的EST文库；②与小桐子抗冷性提高相关关键基因的时空表达分析、分离克隆与功能解析；③利用上述克隆的抗冷性相关关键基因，对小桐子进行基因工程改良。本研究成果将在一定程度上揭示小桐子抗冷性形成和提高的分子机制，克隆出抗冷性相关关键基因，获得抗冷性提高的转基因小桐子材料。研究成果具有重要的科学意义和潜力巨大的应用前景。

Research and development of energy plants is a strategical demand for Yunnan province and our country. Jatropha curcas L.is a sustainable energy plant with great potential for biodiesel production, and low temperature is an important limiting factor for distribution and production of J. curcas. We found that there was obvious variation of chilling resistance in J. curcas from different provenances, and chill-hardening could significantly enhance chilling resistance of J. curcas seedlings. Based on our previous work and Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing platform, using two populations of J. curcas with different chilling resistance as experimental material, the present proposal is going to study: 1. changes of transcriptomes and their analysis and comparison in J. curcas seedlings during chill hardening-enhanced chilling resistance, and construction of chilling-responsive EST libaries; 2. analysis of spatio-temporal expression pattern of chilling-responsive genes, and cloning and functional characterization of those key chilling resistance-related genes; and 3. genetic transformation of J. curcas using the above-mentioned key chilling resistance-related genes to enhance their chilling resistance. The research will elucidate molecular machanisms of formation and enhancement of chilling resistance in J. curcas to some extent, clone some key chilling resistance-related genes, and improve chilling resistance of J. curcas by genetic engineering. These results will be of scientific importance and great potential for further application.