本项目围绕新形势下"确保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全"这一国家粮食安全"新"战略的核心任务，首先梳理我国粮食生产支持政策的演进历程，运用经济合作与发展组织的生产者支持估计、世界贸易组织的农业国内支持估计评估政策实施效果，进一步探讨政策运行中的问题和挑战。其次，针对今后谷物"谁来种"、"怎样种"突出问题，探讨政府支持与市场机制、家庭经营与多种经营、传统精耕细作与现代物质技术装备和社会化服务、高产高效与资源生态永续利用等之间逻辑关系及发展取向；针对粮食安全责任与分工，探讨中央与地方、主产区与主销区的责任分工及其制度安排。最后，从创新谷物经营体系、调动农业经营主体谷物生产积极性和地方政府抓粮积极性等多维视角，研究如何解决现行政策的市场扭曲等问题，如何创新综合支持措施提高谷物经营市场化和组织化程度。以此为基础，探索构建国家粮食安全新战略下中国谷物生产支持的制度框架和政策体系。

To guarantee cereals self-sufficiency and rations safety-absolute is the core task of China's new national food security strategy. After reviewing the development process of support policies to promoting cereals production, this programme evaluates and analyzes the effect of China's currently agricultural support policies for cereals by OECD PSE methodology (Producer Support Estimates) and WTO DS methodology (Domestic Support) as well as discussing the polices' issues and challenges. Furthermore, to solute the problem of "Who plant cereals" and "How to planting cereals", this programme studies the theory logic and develoment orientation for cereals production between the government support and market mechanism, household operation and diversified operation, traditional operation by intensive-meticulous and modern operation by technology-equipment and social service, high yield high efficiency and resource ecology sustainable, etc. It also studies the responsibility devision and institutional arrangements for food security between the central government and the local government, the main producing areas and the main sales areas. After then, this programme explores how to resolve market-distorted and other issues of currently support policies, as well as how to innovate integrated support measures to improve the degree of market and organization for cereals operations, in the perspective of innovation grain operation system, arousing the enthusiasm of production for agricultural operation entity and arousing the enthusiasm of local government working for cereals production. Bases on analysis, this programme constructs the institutional framework and policy system for support cereals production under the new national food security strategy.