线粒体和过氧化物酶体在鱼类脂肪酸β-氧化中的协作机制研究

在优质蛋白源紧缺的现实情况下，理解鱼类的脂肪分解供能机制并提高其供能比例是节约鱼类饲料蛋白质的可行途径。鱼类的脂肪酸β-氧化代谢是其脂肪分解供能的最重要途径，然而，对鱼类两个负责脂肪酸β-氧化的细胞器-线粒体和过氧化物酶体在这一重要代谢过程中的独立和协同作用机制，至今尚极少有人研究。本项目将利用罗非鱼和斑马鱼作为动物模型，通过使用同位素示踪、细胞和细胞器孵育、色谱/质谱/核磁共振谱代谢组学测定和分子调控等现代生物技术，建立单细胞器-双细胞器培养-细胞培养-正常和特殊生理状态活体模型等一系列研究平台，系统而完整地研究线粒体和过氧化物酶体在细胞和活体状态，以及在正常和脂类代谢异常状态下，对各种不同链长、不同饱和度脂肪酸的独立和协同分解机制。希望能够阐明鱼类线粒体和过氧化物酶体为应对鱼类摄入不同类型脂肪源时的协作分解策略，为真正理解鱼类对不同脂肪源的分解供能机制、人为调控其脂肪供能比例奠定基础。

Today, the large shortage of fish meal has been a serious problem for aquaculture. Increasing lipids catabolism to produce more physiological energy is a potential way to play "protein sparing effects" and indirectly save dietary protein sources. However, the information about lipids and fatty acids catabolism, especially the cooperation of mitochondria and peroxisome in fatty acids β-oxidation, the most important pathway in lipids catabolism, is still very limited. In the present study using tilapia and zebrafish as models, mitochondria and peroxisome from liver and muscle will be firstly isolated. Different fatty acids will be incubated with the individual or both mitochondria and peroxisomes and the metabolites will be collected and analyzed to know the contribution of the individual or both organelles to the β-oxidation efficiency of these fatty acids. Except for the in vitro study, individual or mixed fatty acids will also be transported into living fish, and blood and tissues will be dissected to perform metabolomics analysis. At the same time, lipids metabolism related measurements will also be applied to investigate the physiological status of the treated fish, in order to explore the cooperating mechanisms of mitochondria and peroxisome in fatty acids β-oxidation in a real status. In short, we hope the present study would help to understand the cooperating mechanisms of mitochondria and peroxisome in fish intaking different lipids sources composed by different fatty acids, and also help to regulate to increase the production of lipids-sourced energy.