白腐真菌强化修复新烟碱农药污染洞庭湖湿地的作用机制及微生物群落响应研究

新烟碱农药造成的污染威胁着湿地生态环境及人类健康，是亟待解决的问题。目前已证实白腐真菌能有效降解新烟碱农药，但其在湿地实际环境中的修复效果及其机理尚不清楚。本项目拟以洞庭湖为研究区域，采用白腐真菌强化修复，加速新烟碱农药在湿地中的降解，在掌握白腐真菌修复实施方式及湿地土壤主要参数对修复效果影响的基础上，重点考察修复过程中白腐真菌功能酶的作用特征、新烟碱农药降解途径及产物的生物毒性，剖析白腐真菌作用下土著微生物群落结构及代谢功能变化规律，揭示微生物群落的分子响应机制，最终从白腐真菌修复的行为机理和引起微生物群落响应而影响湿地土壤微环境和自净能力这两个层面，来洞悉白腐真菌修复新烟碱污染湿地的全过程。本项目有望为发展白腐真菌技术有效用于新烟碱农药污染修复的方法提供理论依据和方法参考，有利于实现新烟碱农药污染湿地的有效处理和微生态环境改善。

The pollution caused by neonicotiniods is a major threat to ecological environment in wetland and human health, which is one of the most urgent problems. It was confirmed that white-rot fungi can degrade neonicotiniods. However, the remediation efficiency and related mechanisms in real wetland environment are unclear. In this project, Dongting Lake will be selected as the research area. White-rot fungi will be applied to accelerate neonicotiniods degradation in wetland of Dongting Lake. On the base of understanding the effects of remediation pattern and the main wetland soil properties on white-rot fungi bioaugmentation bioremediation, researches will be focused on investigating the role of functional enzymes in white-rot fungi as well as the degradation pathway and toxicity of the degraded products of neonicotioids during the bioremediation process. Moreover, the native microbial community structure and metabolic ability to white-rot fungi bioaugmentation will be also analyzed to reveal the molecular response mechanism of microbial community. Finally, the remediation process will be understood scientifically from the two aspects of remediation behavior and microbial community response associated with soil micro-environmental and self-purification. The study could provide a theoretical basis and references for development of white-rot fungi-based technology in remediation of neonicotiniods contaminated wetland, which also benefit to the effective treatment of neonicotiniods contaminated wetland and the improvement of micro-ecosystem.