水分限制条件下旱作覆膜春玉米高产及水氮高效利用研究

实现水分限制条件下旱地作物高产与水氮高效，是国内、外研究的重点和热点领域。本研究在已有工作基础上，以旱作春玉米单作体系为对象，用改进后适宜于覆膜的Hybrid-Maize模型估算获得的水分限制条件下旱作覆膜春玉米气候产量潜力为目标产量，构建覆膜条件下理想作物群体，建立实现水分限制条件下旱作覆膜春玉米气候产量潜力的高产栽培模式，明确旱作不覆膜与覆膜春玉米产量潜力差及根源；在此基础上结合以地膜覆盖为中心的根层水温调控、以氮肥实时管理为中心的根层氮素调控，耦合气候、群体及根层调控，优化高产栽培模式，挖掘覆膜潜力，构建水分限制条件下旱作覆膜春玉米高产及水氮高效栽培体系；通过多年田间实验，可靠回答该栽培体系能否同时实现高产与水氮高效利用，并从理论上阐明其科学性、可靠性及适宜性。本项目不仅将为构建旱地作物高产及水氮高效栽培体系提供较新学术思路及方法，并对指导旱作作物高产高效栽培具有一定科学及实践价值。

To simultaneously realize high yield and high water and nitrogen use efficiency of dryland crops under water-limited conditions is the hotspot and focus area in dryland farming research worldwide. In this project, the climate yield potential of plastic film mulching spring maize under water-limited conditions will be estimated using the modified film-mulching Hybrid-Maize Model. To take the obtained yield potential value as the target, coupling with climate and crop group under the guidance of the modified model, the project intend to establish practicable high yield cultivation system and realize climate yield potential of dryland film-mulching spring maize under water-limiting Loess Plateau. On the basis of these, coupling the film-mulching Hybrid-Maize model with root-zone water-temperature control through plastic film mulching and root-zone nitrogen regulation with real-time nitrogen management to efficiently realize the comprehensive control of climate, crop group and root zone, and to construct dryland spring maize cultivate system with relative solid theoretical basis to simultaneously acquire high yield and high use water and nitrogen efficiency. Long-term field experiments will be established to verify the scientific, reliability and suitability of the cultivation system. This results of the project will not only provide new academic ideas and methods for constructing high yield and high water and nitrogen use efficiency cultivation systems, also has can guide high yield and high efficiency cultivation in dryland farming practice.