本申请拟以表面活性剂辅助的自组装技术(SASA)为平台，以卟啉类分子为组装基元，通过使用具有不同结构特征的表面活性剂或多元表面活性剂、调控主客体溶液的浓度/比例/种类、在组装体系中引入添加剂、调控组装介质的离子强度/酸碱度等构思，发展具有一定普适性的构筑卟啉类分子1D纳米结构的新手段，并研究其在催化、分子电子器件等方面的先进性能。该构思将克服以往SASA和其他组装手段通常仅适用于特定卟啉分子、缺乏普适性的难点和挑战，有助于揭示表面活性剂结构—各种组装参数—表面活性剂的模板效应—卟啉分子结构—所构筑1D纳米结构的形貌—所构筑1D纳米结构的性能等的内在科学关联，为发展基于卟啉类分子1D结构的新型软物质功能材料提供技术支持与科学依据、为诠释pi-pi堆积作用与其他非共价键作用的协同性规律、电子/能量的转移/转换规律等核心科学问题提供信息，具有重要的科学与实践意义，是一个颇具特色和创新性的构思。

In the frontier field of supramolecular chemistry, one-dimensional (1D) supramolecular nanoassemblies based on porphyrins, which are usually called "the pigments of life", have received considerable attention from numerous areas of paramount importance, including but not confined to, energy conversion, optoelectronic device, optical waveguide, sensor, etc. So far, various sophisticated protocols, such as physical vapor/molecular beam deposition, ionic/zwitterionic self-assembly, interfacial organization, organic gelation, mixed-solvent-, sonication-, coordination-, template-assisted assembly, amphiphilic assembly, host-guest assembly, surfactant-assisted self-assembly (SASA) etc., have been developed for the production of 1D porphyrin nanostructures. Nevertheless, a common insurmountable limitation of these methods is their lack of generality such that they could only workable on some specific porphyrins, or elaborately-designed yet tediously-synthesized ad hoc porphyrins. It sometimes is necessary that the assembly has to be conducted with an accurate control of the experimental conditions or the requirement of expensive instruments. Among these methods, SASA has drawn particular interests because of its intrinsic advantages such as outstanding reproducibility, excellent controllability, and operational simplicity under ambient conditions. However, a formidable challenge this protocol encounters is that most of the currently existing 1D porphyrin nanostructures constructed via SASA are limited to pyridyl porphyrins. Considering the above-mentioned broad interest of porphyrin 1D nanoassemblies, and together with the above-addressed merits of SASA, the inauguration of a new SASA strategy widely applicable to general porphyrins is strongly desired. ..To meet these formidable challenges, we herein propose an original yet general SASA protocol for the assembly of 1D porphyrin nanoassemblies, wherein not only pyridyl porphyrins but also free-base porphyrins and metalloporphyrins of various substituents could be facilely assembled to form 1D nanostructures of controlled morphology (the shape of the cross section, aspect ratio, solid and hollow architectures) under ambient conditions. Different from the traditional SASA, wherein only simple single-head single-chain or polymer surfactants are employed and the assembly is commonly conducted without the use of additives, in our new strategy, the assembly will be conducted with surfactants of various structures, such as single-head single-chain, single-head multiple-chain, zwitterionic, bola-type surfactants of different hydrophobic tails or spacers. The effect of surfactant structure, additives, pH value and ionic strength of the system, and the ratio/type/concentration of the host and guest solutions will be disclosed. This could help us launch a general protocol for the production of 1D porphyrin nanostructures. Importantly, the advanced functions of the as-assembled 1D nanoarchitectures in terms of photocatalysts, molecular electronics (organic field-effect transistors, single 1D nanostructures-based nanoelectronics of sensing and photoswitching capabilities) will be investigated. The underlying correlation of surfactant structure—assembly parameter—template effect of surfactant—molecular structure of porphyrin—the morphology of the as-produced 1D nanostructures—the function/property of the 1D nanostructures will be revealed. Based on the possible achievements of the proposed investigations, the cooperative principle of pi-pi stacking and other noncovalent interactions, and the electron/energy transfer principle within the 1D nanoassemblies, which are the basic scientific issues of the interdisciplinary communities of supramolecular and soft matter sciences, will be disclosed. Our proposal is an important subject of sufficient novelty and creativity worth of investigation and support.