光催化太阳能转换是解决能源和环境问题的有效方式之一。作为新兴的二维纳米材料，超薄黑磷在光催化太阳能转换方面有巨大的应用潜力。但是黑磷二维材料在光催化分解水中的应用面临以下挑战：制备条件苛刻、稳定性不高、难以实现光催化全分解水。本项目旨在发展黑磷二维材料新的合成方法，提高黑磷纳米片的稳定性，构建基于黑磷二维材料的光催化全分解水体系。为此，我们将（1）开发以红磷为原料，温和条件下制备黑磷纳米片和二维黑磷/红磷异质结的新方法；（2）以黑磷纳米片和黑磷/红磷异质结为载体，利用其孤对电子与金属之间相互作用，原位负载单原子形式分散的金属助催化剂，改善黑磷二维材料的稳定性，同时提高其光催化产氢活性；（3）通过元素掺杂、构建异质结等方式系统调控黑磷二维材料的能带结构，实现在纯水中不加牺牲剂条件下光催化分解水，结合现代理论计算和超快光谱技术揭示其全分解水反应的机理，推动黑磷在光催化太阳能转化中的实际应用。

Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into chemical energy is regarded as one of the most promising strategies to address the energy supply and environmental degradation issues. Black phosphorus, as an emerging two-dimensional nanomaterial, holds great potentials in the field of photocatalytic solar energy conversion. However, the application of black phosphorus in photocatalytic water splitting suffers from the following issues. First, black phosphorus is usually prepared under harsh conditions. Second, the exfoliated nanosheets of BP are unstable upon exposing to air, water and light. Third, it is difficult for black phosphorus to realize photocatalytic overall water splitting. This project aims to develop novel synthesis strategy, to improve their stability, and to realize overall water splitting with black phosphorus as photocatalyst. In detail, we propose [1] to prepare black phosphorus nanosheets and black/red phosphorus heterostructures with red phosphorus as starting material under solvothermal conditions, [2] to deposit single-atom metal on two-dimensional black phosphorus materials in order to improve their stability and photocatalytic hydrogen production activity, [3] to tune the energy gap of black phosphorus by doping with other elements or by combining with different semiconductors, [4] to elucidate the mechanism of photocatalytic overall water splitting of black phosphorus by taking using of modern theoretical calculations and ultrafast spectroscopy techniques, and finally [5] to promote the practical application of black phosphorus in photocatalytic solar energy conversion.