复杂曲面精密微小孔多场辅助电火花加工理论与关键技术基础

本项目针对航空发动机关键构件中复杂曲面微小孔高效率、高精度、高性能加工的迫切需求，围绕多场辅助作用下电火花加工材料去除机理、复杂曲面微小孔加工精度保障技术、精密微小孔加工表面完整性表征方法与控性制造技术等科学问题，开展复杂曲面精密微小孔多场辅助电火花加工理论与关键技术的研究。将超声振动、磁场、化学场等众多物理化学场引入电火花加工，研究多场辅助作用对难加工材料去除过程的作用机制及影响规律，探索精密微小孔电火花加工表面完整性形成机制、演化规律和精确控制方法。同时，开展多场辅助作用下电火花加工间隙特性、跨尺度电极形貌演变规律、孔深识别与穿透检测、极端工况下表面完整性对服役性能的影响关系等多项关键技术研究，搭建多场辅助电火花加工试验平台，实现航空发动机关键构件中复杂曲面微小孔的精密加工。研究成果将为我国高性能航空发动机的研制提供关键技术支撑。

The key parts of aero engine present urgent need for the high efficiency, high precision and high performance machining of micro-hole on complex surfaces. In this proposal, in view of the important scientific problems including material removal mechanism, micro-hole machining precision assurance technology on complex surfaces, surface integrity characterization method and controlled manufacturing, the research on the theory and key technology of multi-fields assisted EDM for precision micro-hole on complex surface. Combining multi-fields including ultrasonic vibration, magnetic field and chemical field, the removal mechanism of difficult-to-machining materials and the influence laws of multi-fields on EDM process are investigated, and the formation mechanism, evolution law and precise control method of surface integrity in EDM for precision micro-hole are explored. Based on the crucial studies of gap characteristics of multi-fields assisted EDM, evolution of cross-scale electrode morphology, hole depth identification and penetration detection, effect of surface integrity on service performance under extreme working conditions, the experiment platform used for multi-fields assisted EDM will be established, to achieve the machining of precision micro-holes on complex surface of key parts of aero engine. The research findings will provide key technical supports for the development of high performance aero engine.