河南贾鲁河上游地区全新世早中期环境与聚落形态演化关系研究

本项目通过野外调查、剖面研究、样品采集、实验分析与精确测量，按照不同的空间尺度对贾鲁河上游地区全新世环境演变进行综合研究。包括全区域多种环境要素的宏观格局与全新世演变历史研究，贾鲁河干流及主要支流典型河段地貌与水文环境全新世演化特征细致研究，典型遗址区域全新世环境演变历史精细化重建三个层次。同时，利用GIS空间分析对区域新石器至三代聚落的规模-等级、文化传承、空间分布等进行梳理，系统的分析区域早期聚落的空间形态及其演化特征。在此基础上，探讨区域环境演化与聚落形态之间的相互关系，归纳总结区域自然环境与人类活动的相互作用机制。本项目的顺利开展对于环境考古学、第四纪环境学、考古学、地理学等相关学科的发展具有重要的推动作用，对于当前的经济建设与城市发展具有重要的启示与参考价值，对于深入认识中华文明起源过程同环境的相互关系具有重大意义。

This project integratedly studies the Holocene environmental evolution according to the different spatial scale through field survey, profile study, sample collection, experimental analysis and accurate measurement in the Jialu River upstream area. Moreover, it includes three aspects which are the study of the macroscopic format and its Holocene evolutionary history of multiple environment factors in the entire region, the detailed study of the Holocene evolutionary characteristic of geomorphy and hydrology environment in the typical reach of Jialu River and its main tributaries, and the accurate reconstruction of the Holocene environmental evolutionary history in the typical sites area. Meanwhile, this research systematically analyses the spatial pattern and its evolutionary characteristic of ancient settlements this area by systemizing the size-grade, culture inheritance, spatial distribution of the settlements between Neolith to Xia, Shang and Zhou periods based on spatial analysis of GIS. Based on that, the relationship between the regional environmental evolution and settlements pattern is discussed, and the mechanism between the regional natural enviroment and human active is summarized. Smooth implementation of this project has important promoting impact for the development of related discipline such as environmental archaeology, quaternary environment, archaeology, and geography, has significant enlightenment and reference value for the current economic construction and urban development, and has major implications for the deep understanding the relationship between the origin of Chinese civilization and environment.