郑州地区新石器-青铜时代环壕沉积模式研究

环壕是聚落演化的重要标志，是一种独特的环境与文化现象。环壕沉积包含丰富的环境信息，并能反映许多人-地交互作用的具体特征，是环境考古研究的重要对象。郑州是中华文明起源与发展的核心地区，拥有从新石器环壕聚落到夏商周王朝复杂环壕都邑系统的连续演化历史，是环壕研究的重点区域。本项目利用AMS-14C、光释光（OSL）、年代拟合等方法对郑州地区新石器-青铜时代典型环壕沉积的年代进行研究，利用粒度、孢粉、化学元素、土壤微形态等分析环壕沉积的物理、化学、生物特征，复原典型环壕沉积过程与沉积环境。通过数理统计与定性分析构建区域典型环壕沉积模式时空演化序列。结合环境考古学和考古学的研究成果，探讨环壕与自然环境、人类活动的相互关系。研究成果为识别由人类-环境共同作用形成的复杂堆积物提供依据与标准，拓展了环境考古学的研究内容，丰富了区域环境演化与文化演进的研究成果，对于中华文明探源研究、区域人地关系演化研究等具

The moat is a key symbol of human settlement evolution. It is also a special cultural and environmental phenomenon. Moats contain sedimentary archives abundant in environmental information that can reflect the specific characteristics of many human-environment interactions, making it an important subject of environmental archaeological research. Zhengzhou is the core area of the origin and development of Chinese civilization. It has a continuous history from the moat settlement of Neolithic to the complex moat city systems of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and is a key area of our research. This project uses AMS 14C, Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL), and date matching to study the age of typical deposition of moats in the Neolithic-Bronze age of Zhengzhou area. We will research the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the moat sediments through laboratory analyses including particle size, sporopollen, chemical elements, soil micromorphology and so on. On this basis, the sedimentary processes and environment of moat sediments are reconstructed. The sedimentary modes of typical moat depositions are constructed using statistics and qualitative analyses. Combining the results of environmental archaeology and traditional archaeology, this project explores the relationship between the moat, environment and human activities. The research results provide the basis and standard for identifying complex deposits formed by the human-environment interaction and enriches our current knowledge of the regional environmental and cultural history in an area that is a source of Chinese civilization.