废弃电路板破碎-解离过程中多种污染物的生成、释放、迁移与转化机理

废弃电路板是一种含金属和非金属等有价物质及重金属和溴化阻燃剂等各种污染物组成的多组分复合体，其物理和化学性质复杂，在对其破碎-解离过程中在机械力的作用下发生机械化学变化，造成多种污染物的生成、释放、迁移与转化。为此，本研究从废弃电路板破碎-解离过程中的机械力作用下多种污染物的生成和释放机械化学机制及迁移转化过程中环境污染行为出发，研究废弃电路板破碎-解离过程中重金属铅、镉和溴化阻燃剂及新生成的多种污染物的类型、形态、分布、释放及迁移转化规律，揭示破碎-解离过程中多种污染物的生成、释放的机械化学机制和规律，建立描述破碎-解离过程中多种污染物的迁移和转化物理化学模型，提出破碎-解离过程中多种污染物的种类、分布特征及其环境污染行为。为提高废弃电路板资源化过程中环境污染治理技术水平和制定相关环境保护政策提供科学数据。

Waste circuit board is a kind of multi-component complex, which contains valuable metals and nonmetals as well as various pollutants such as heavy metals and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Its physical and chemical properties are complex, and the mechanical and chemical changes will be occurred under the mechanical forces in the waste circuit board fragmentation- dissociation process,resulting in the generation, migration and transformation of multiple pollutants. Therefore, in this study, based on the mechanical-chemical mechanisms of various pollutant generation and release under the mechanical forces in the waste circuit board fragmentation-dissociation process and the environmental pollution behaviors of migration and transformation processes, the types, morphology,distribution, release, migration and transformation rules of lead, cadmium, BFRs and newly generated multiple contaminants were studied. The results revealed the generation, migration and transformation mechanism of multiple pollutants in the fragmentation-dissociation process. Furthermore, the physical and chemical models for the migration and transformation of multiple pollutants were established. The types, distribution and environment pollution behaviors of multiple pollutants in the fragmentation-dissociation process were also proposed. This study could provide directional guidance for the development of waste circuit board reutilization and the establishment of relevant environmental protection policies.