公众科学项目用户参与行为及价值共创效果研究

公众科学作为由科学家或科研机构发起，招募公众参与科研任务的开放协作模式，对推动科研创新和科学普及意义重大。用户参与是公众科学项目成功的基础，参与主体共创价值是项目成功的核心，然而，目前尚缺少从任务设计和激励干预的视角剖析用户参与行为的研究，且缺少对参与主体互动特征的探索。本课题拟从任务设计视角入手，聚焦如何激励用户参与行为，促进参与主体互动以提高项目价值共创效果。首先，研究公众科学中任务特征与用户特征的匹配关系及其对用户参与行为的影响规律；其次，引入游戏化设计，探索游戏化设计的激励示能性对公众科学用户融入及参与行为的影响效应；最后，重点关注用户和科学家主体，力图从互动类型、互动内容、互动目标三个维度刻画其互动特征，并探讨互动特征对公众科学价值共创效果的作用机制。本课题揭示了公众科学用户参与行为的影响机理及价值共创的实现路径，研究成果将为有效促进公众科学的开展与成功提供理论支持和实践建议。

Citizen science is an emerged form of mass collaboration that relies on contribution from general public to address scientific problems and then enhance public understanding of science. User participation is the foundation for citizen science, and more importantly, the key to its success is the value co-creation by multiple participating agents. However, few studies have investigated user participation behaviors from the perspective of task design and motivational intervention, and even little research has explored the characteristics of interaction among participating agents. This research focuses on addressing questions regarding how to motivate user participation behaviors and enhance value co-creation outcomes in citizen science projects. First, this research investigates the fit between task characteristics and user characteristics and uncovers its influences to user participation behaviors. Second, this research introduces gamification design and investigates the effects of motivational affordances of gamification design on user engagement and participation behaviors. Third, this research focuses on two participating agents−users and scientists−and characterizes their interaction from three dimensions, including interaction type, interaction content, and interaction purpose. Subsequently, this research investigates how interactions influence the outcomes of value co-creation in citizen science projects. In sum, this research will uncover the mechanisms of enhancing user participation behaviors and achieving value co-creation outcomes. Findings of this research will provide both theoretical and practical implications for effectively advancing citizen science implementation and achievements.