弹性相变复合材料的导热网络设计及机理研究

为满足某部组件散热要求，需要研制热导率高、弹性好、相变焓大且渗漏率低的界面导热材料，并设计弹性相变复合材料的导热网络，研究其机理。项目选择结构相近的相变材料和弹性支撑材料，通过乳化研究形成胶乳，且乳胶粒表面带一定的电荷；然后将带相反电荷的改性导热填料分散液加入胶乳中乳液共混，在静电相互作用下自组装形成乳胶粒@导热填料核壳结构，再通过热压硫化成型制备具有隔离结构的导热弹性相变复合材料。导热填料聚集在隔离结构单胞界面处形成导热网络，导热网络的微观结构与隔离结构单胞的形状、尺寸及尺寸分布有直接关系，因此通过制备工艺可以调控隔离结构单胞，设计弹性相变复合材料的导热网络，进而研究其导热机理，得到性能的影响因素及规律，并建立数值计算模型，实现弹性相变复合材料性能的可预测和可设计性。项目研究结果，能为导热弹性相变复合材料的制备和性能设计提供实验依据和理论指导，对界面导热材料的研究具有理论意义和应用价值。

In order to meet requirement of heat dissipation of a kind of component, it is necessary to prepare a new type of thermally conductive interface materials with high thermal conductivity, good elastic property, large phase change enthalpy and low leakage rate, and to design its thermally conductive network, then to study its thermally conductive mechanism. The project will emulsify phase change materials and supporting materials to form latex with some charges on its surface, and then will add dispersion of thermally conductive fillers with reverse charges into the latex for emulsion blending. A kind of core-shell structure of latex particles @ thermal fillers will be formed by self-assembly between positive charges and negative charges. Finally, thermally conductive and elastic phase change composites with segregated structure will be prepared by hot-compression and vulcanization. The thermally conductive fillers will be gathered at interface of cells in segregated structure to form thermally conductive network, and micro-structure of the thermally conductive network will be related to shape, size and size distribution of cells in segregated structure. Therefore, thermally conductive network of elastic phase change composites can be designed, and thermally conductive mechanism of elastic phase change composites can be studied. Then numerical calculation model can be established to predict and design properties of thermally conductive and elastic phase change composites. The results of the project can provide experimental basis and theoretical guidance for preparation and performance design of thermally conductive and elastic phase change composites, which are of theoretical and practical value for study on thermally conductive interface materials.