肝功能衰竭是影响人类健康的重大疾病，人工肝是治疗肝功能衰竭的一种快速有效安全的过渡和替代疗法。高效安全的人工肝功能材料是该技术的关键。天然高分子基吸附剂材料具有良好生物相容性和血液相容性，在人工肝治疗中具有明显优势。本研究以甲壳素为原料，结合具有高效吸附能力的碳纳米管和氮基碳纳米纤维以及特异性结合配基赖氨酸共同构建针对肝肾功能衰竭所产生的毒素的高效全血灌流吸附剂和适用于生物人工肝的肝细胞微载体，并全面评价其功效和安全性。具体研究内容包括：（1）中量化制备大尺寸赖氨酸固定化甲壳素/碳纳米管全血灌流吸附剂及其性能评价；（2）新型吸附剂的家兔全血灌流在体实验；（3）肝细胞微载体的制备及其在生物人工肝中的应用；（4）肌酐吸附剂的制备及其在人工肝中的应用。通过以上研究为全血灌流吸附剂的毒素清除能力和安全性，以及肝细胞微载体的细胞培养能力提供全面可靠的实验依据，并为其临床转化提供可行性依据。

Liver failure is one of the serious diseases threatening the health of human being. Artificial liver is a fast, effective and safe transitional and alternative therapy for liver failure. Efficient and safe artificial liver functional material is the key to this technology. It has been initially proved that natural polymer-based adsorbents have good biocompatibility and blood compatibility and have obvious advantages in the treatment of artificial liver. In this study, chitin as a raw material, combined with the carbon nanotubes or nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with highly effective adsorption and specific ligand of lysine, has been co-constructed to be effective and blood compatible whole blood perfusion sorbents for the toxins from liver and kidney failure and hepatocyte microcarriers for bioartificial liver, and their efficacy and safety were fully evaluated. The specific research contents include: (1) Quantification preparation of large sized chitin/carbon nanotube whole-blood perfusion sorbent and its evaluation of efficacy; (2) In vivo whole blood perfusion experiment on rabbit with the novel adsorbent; (3) Preparation of hepatocyte microcarrier and its application in biological artificial liver; (4) Preparation of creatinine adsorbent and its application in artificial liver. Through the above studies, we provide a comprehensive and reliable experimental basis for the toxin removal efficiency and safety of the whole blood perfusion sorbent material and the cell culturing ability of the hepatocyte microcarriers, as well as the feasibility basis of their clinical transformation.