马氏珠母贝生长性状QTLs精细定位与相关基因功能分析

数量性状位点（QTLs）定位分析一直是遗传育种研究的热点领域。马氏珠母贝Pinctada martensii的生长性状（壳长、壳高、壳宽、壳质量与体质量）属于典型的数量性状，由多个QTL控制。筛选生长性状QTLs，用于辅助育种设计，是提高养殖群体生长性状的有效途径。在已完成马氏珠母贝基因组测序基础上，本项目拟利用RAD-seq技术建立高通量SNP标记分型技术，大规模筛查分型SNP标记；利用两个半同胞家系构建高精度遗传连锁图谱（<1cM）；结合连锁与全基因组关联分析（GWAS）精细定位生长性状QTLs，分析各QTL的遗传效应与相互关系；利用RACE克隆生长性状相关基因，利用RNA干扰、扫描电镜等进行功能分析。本项目将深入解析马氏珠母贝生长性状的遗传机制，为分子育种设计提供理论依据。

Quantitative traits locus (QTLs) analysis has been a research hotspot in genetic breeding studies for years. Growth traits such as shell length, shell height, shell width, shell weight and total weight of pearl oyster Pinctada martensii are quantitative traits and determined by multiple quantitative trait loci. The objective is to improve the cultured stocks when planned breeding programs. An effective approach to improving the stocks is to design marker assisted breeding by mapping the quantitative trait loci. The program will develop SNP markers at a large scale using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) technology on basis of draft genome of the species. Two half-sib families will be subjected for a high-density genetic map (< 1cM) by using the SNP markers developed. QTLs of growth traits are mapped by a combination of linkage and genome-wide association analysis. Growth traits related genes will be cloned by using Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE), and their functions are to be identified. The program will provide an insight into genetic mechanism on growth, and valuable information on molecular marker assisted breeding in the species.