神经干细胞是一类具有自我更新和多方向分化潜能的干细胞，在神经退行性疾病和神经损伤修复的治疗中具有重要的应用前景。因此，利用细胞重编程技术，即谱系特异性转录因子诱导细胞转分化为神经干细胞已经成为研究的热点。本课题主要通过筛选促进细胞重编程效率的小分子化合物或者替代转录因子诱导细胞进入重编程状态的小分子化合物，最终，利用筛选得到的小分子化合物组合直接诱导成纤维细胞进入重编程状态并最终转分化为神经干细胞。本课题研究结果将为神经干细胞的获得提供一种新的方法，同时，小分子化合物的使用也将为细胞谱系重编程的研究和神经再生医学提供一种新的途径。

Neural stem cells are stem cells with characteristics of self-renewing and potential of multiplex differentiation, which could be utilized for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease and neural injury. Therefore, lineage conversion for generating neural stem cells has become a competitive strategy, which is based on cell reprogramming promoted by lineage spicific transcription factors. Our study initially focuses on screening chemical compounds, which promote cell reprogramming efficiency or substitute for transcripiton factors enabling cell reprogramming. Next we directly convert fibroblsts into induced neural stem cells depending on above chemical compund combination alone. This study will provide a new method for generating neural stem cells. Importantly, the chemical compound combination may serve as an new avenue with great potential for lineage reprogramming and neural regenaration.