现已公认甲状腺结节患者存在过度手术问题，且甲状腺结节是否存在手术指征主要取决于包括甲状腺超声和／或甲状腺穿刺在内的形态学检查，而TSH可以促进甲状腺滤泡细胞增殖分化，同时部分甲状腺结节患者存在高TSH或相对升高的TSH，因此不能排除TSH会对形态学检查结果产生影响。我们的预实验结果显示原代培养的甲状腺细胞中高水平TSH组BRAF激酶活性显著提高，提示存在高TSH可逆性调节甲状腺癌发生相关分子通路的可能。本研究拟通过体外实验、构建动物模型和横断面研究，研究TSH是否会对甲状腺肿瘤的发生具有可逆性影响、不同的TSH水平是否会干扰病理检查的结果，探索TSH水平及术前检查结果的相关性及其机制，为以后开展干预状腺结节患者TSH水平对病理检查结果影响的前瞻性研究提供重要的理论和实验依据，以期为甲状腺结节诊断治疗提供新思路，对甲状腺肿瘤治疗的术前检查指南进行更新及改进。

Excessive surgery is now recognized in patients with thyroid nodules, and preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodule mainly depends on morphological examination. TSH can promote thyroid follicular cell proliferation and differentiation. At the same time, some patients with thyroid nodules have high or relatively higher TSH level. Therefore, TSH might affect the morphological examination results. Our preliminary results shows that the BRAF kinase activity increased significantly in the thyroid cells groups with high level of TSH. It can be indicated that high TSH level can regulate thyroid cancer related molecular pathways reversibly. We suppose to study whether different levels of TSH may interfere with pathologic examination results, and explore the TSH level and the correlation of preoperative examination results and its mechanism through the in vitro experiment, the animal model and cross-sectional study. At the same time, our study will provide important theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the prospective study, so as to provide new ideas for improving thyroid nodule guidelines.