多对比度的静息态脑功能磁共振成像技术计算方法研究

鉴于较高的时空分辨率和无损性的优势，静息态功能磁共振成像技术是目前研究人脑自发活动的最佳手段之一。基于脑血流（CBF）或脑氧水平代谢（CMRO2）所发展的新型静息态功能磁共振成像技术正日益得到神经影像/神经科学界的广泛重视。为了将这类新型的静息态脑功能成像技术广泛应用于基础科研和临床实践，当务之急急需发展优化的数据处理方法、研究时域上实验的稳定性、并进一步将新方法与传统的基于血氧水平依赖（BOLD）的静息态脑功能成像技术有机地结合起来。本项目拟通过分析多对比度（CBF、CMRO2和BOLD）的静息态功能磁共振数据，比较滤波频段选择等处理方法对检测静息态脑功能连接和局部活动强度的敏感性、评价静息态脑自发活动时域上的可重复性、探讨不同对比度的静息态脑功能技术间的相关性和特异性。本项目所发展的新颖的优化和评价静息态脑功能的计算方法将可能为神经精神疾病的诊断和治疗评估提供强有力的支持。

As its relatively high spatial and temporal resolution and non-invasiveness, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been one of the best tools for investigating spontaneous activity of the human brain. Novel resting-state fMRI techniques based on cerebral blood flow (CBF) or cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) has been attracting broad attention in the Neuroimaging/Neuroscience filed. In order to apply these new resting-state fMRI techniques to basic research studies and clinical practice, we need to optimize data processing strategies, investigate reliabilities of the experiments across time, and further combine these novel techniques with traditional resting-state fMRI technique based on blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD). Here, through analyses of multi-contrast (CBF, CMRO2 and BOLD) resting-state fMRI data, we compare sensitivities of different processing strategies, such as using varied filtering frequency band, on detecting resting-state functional connectivity and regional activity strength, evaluate test-retest reliability of resting-state spontaneous activity, and explore correlations and specificities across the resting-state fMRI techniques using different contrasts. The new computational methods developed for optimizations and evaluations of resting-state brain activity processing may provide strong support for diagnosis and treatment assessment of neuropsychiatric diseases in the future.