武陵山片区特色农业适度规模经营效率与实现路径研究——以湖南省湘西自治州椪柑生产为例

本研究以武陵山片区内湖南省湘西自治州椪柑生产经营为例，根据该州下辖的8县市所选取的1600户椪柑经营农户的生产数据和其他统计数据、调研资料，着重研究武陵山片区特色农业适度规模经营的有效性、水平、效率、适度规模的范围、效率影响因素及其实现路径等问题。采用因子分析法和Heckman-probit模型构建了特色农业规模经营水平评价模型，并对湘西州椪柑规模经营进行了实证分析，进而分析特色农业规模经营的有效性和必要性；运用数据包络分析（DEA）法，对湘西州椪柑规模经营效率进行探讨，并结合当地经济、社会和资源条件确定出最佳的椪柑适度经营规模，基于Tobit模型分析了影响规模经营效率的主要因素及其影响程度；最后通过典型模式分析，结合上述定量研究结论，概括出特色农业规模经营有效路径，并提出规模化经营机制和政策支持体系。相关研究成果将为武陵山片区发展特色农业以推动区域发展和脱贫致富提供坚实的理论基础。

The study will take the Ponkan production in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture as an example. Based on the production data and other statistical data, survey data of all 8 counties of 1,600 Ponkan farmers in Xiangxi, it study the effectiveness，level, efficiency, range, factors affected and its realization path of characteristics agricultural appropriate scaled operation in Wuling Mountains Area.It adopts the factor analysis and Heckman-probit model to structure a model to analyze the level of Ponkan appropriate scaled operation in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. And then determined the economies existence of scale and its necessity to develop the characteristic agriculture in the appropriate scale; Using the data envelopment analysis ( DEA ) method, it discusses the efficiency and the optimum scale of Ponkan production based on the local economy, society and resource conditions in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, then analyzed the main factors which affected the efficiency and it's influence degree based on the Tobit model;Finally,through the typical pattern analysis, combined the quantitative research conclusion, it will summarize the effective path, the operation mechanism and the policy support system of characteristics agricultural appropriate scaled operation. The research will provide a solid theoretical and practical basis for that promoting the regional development and poverty reduction by way of developing characteristic agriculture in Wuling Mountains Area.