毫米级沥青小球的诱导氧化不融化研究

煤沥青目前主要是作为低值的产品所使用，而若将其转化为高性能的球状活性炭则可显著提升其价值。在将其制备为炭材料过程中，热塑性的沥青必须经历氧化不融化，而这一直是研究的热点和难点，尤其是毫米级煤沥青小球的氧化不融化更为困难。针对该问题，本项目提出在沥青内部掺杂能够可控释放自由基的诱导剂，以此在氧化反应进行到一定程度时由诱导剂释放出自由基来诱导沥青分子产生自由基，从而实现毫米级沥青小球由内到外的均匀氧化，突破毫米级沥青小球的均质氧化不融化技术，揭示氧化不融化的诱导机理；此外，沥青的组成结构也显著影响其氧化不融化，为此本项目将沥青组分分离后研究其氧化的反应性，并与最终样品的性能进行关联。本项目旨在从反应机理出发，研制出适合毫米级沥青小球氧化不融化的方法，解决煤沥青转变为高性能的球状活性炭过程中的关键科学问题，并对此学科的创新性思维理念起到提示性作用。

Coal pitch is a cheap product, however, its value will be significantly increased if coal pitch is used to prepare spherical activated carbon with high performance. The problem for converting from coal pitch to spherical activated carbon is that thermoplastic pitch needs to be oxidative stabilized during the process, which has been widely studied but difficult to solve, especially for mili-scale coal pitch spheres. Therefore, coal pitch doped with free radical-releasing inductive agent will be adopted to achieve a controllable oxidation reaction in this study. Free radicals from the inductive agent will induce coal pitch to release free radicals to accomplish a homogeneous oxidation of mili-scale coal pitch spheres from the inside to the outside. This new method will give a promising solution to the problem and shed a light to the mechanism of inducing oxidative stabilization of pitch spheres. Moreover, since the composition of pitch will have a great influence on oxidation without melt performance of pitch spheres, this study will also investigate the oxidizability of different components of pitch and establish a relationship between the oxidizability of various components and properties of products. This study aims at having a deep understanding of the mechanism of inducing oxidative stabilization of of pitch spheres. Furthermore, we will come up with an original method to produce activated carbon spheres by using mili-scale pitch spheres, successfully solving the major problem during fabrication of high-performance spherical activated carbon and opening a pathway for more innovative thinking in the design and preparation of spherical activated carbon using coal pitch.