援助是帮助不发达地区发展的手段之一，然而对非洲援助的事实经验却未能验证该理论。已有研究忽略了异质性问题，以及无法提供反事实证明，使得研究结论备受争议。2008年中国“汶川地震”后实施的“对口援建”政策为检验援助的经济效应提供了准自然实验。基于发展经济学理论，通过调查搜集农户，企业以及县级数据。首先运用综合控制法（Synthetic Control Method）以及倾向得分匹配法（Propensity Score Matching）拟合生成控制组，再用双重差分法（DID）以及多重差分法（DIDID），检验援助的短期及长期经济效应。并从农户在农业生产，创业以及就业选择的角度解释援助经济效应的微观机制。最后，利用准自然实验估计的参数，模拟中国“对口援建”模式推广及应用的效果。

Aid is one of method to promote the developing countries development, the evidence of aid for Africa cannot prove this hypothesis. however, literature ignore the heterogeneity problem caused by "heterogenous-aid" and "heterogenous-aided", which con not provide the counterfactual effect, the conclude are debating. Fortunately, "Pairwise aid Reconstruction Policy" of China after to "Wenchuan" quake provide us an quasi-nature experiment to solve that. To extend the economic development theory, conduct the rural households', firms' data match with county-level data. This project first use the Synthetic Control Method and Propensity Score Matching model to set an optimal control group to compare with the pairwise aid counties, then use DID or DIDID method to test the aid effect on the economic development. From the rural households' perspective, such as decision on agriculture investment, startup new business, or employed flow between industrials, to explain how aid effect on local economic growth. finally, we also use the random experiment to re-test the aid for Africa's effect according the parameters we got.