多功能氯虫苯甲酰胺纳米缓释剂的制备及生物活性研究

针对农药有效利用率低而引起的农残超标、生态环境恶化这一现状，开展新型农药控释剂的研究。拟以氯虫苯甲酰胺（chlorantraniliprole）为模式药物，通过微乳液法/硬模板法制备介孔中空纳米二氧化硅负载农药后利用layer-by-layer法将强粘附性材料多巴胺/多巴胺衍生物等包覆在纳米二氧化硅表面，制备多功能氯虫苯甲酰胺纳米缓释剂，采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、热重分析（TGA）等进行表征。模拟环境条件，研究纳米缓释剂的缓释动力学和粘附性能；以水稻二化螟（Chilo suppressalis Walker）为靶标害虫研究控释剂的生物效应，明确氯虫苯甲酰胺纳米缓释剂的理化特性和最佳生物效果的关系，为开发与应用该类控释剂提供理论依据。本研究对于提高农药有效利用率，降低农药使用量与残留污染具有重要的理论和现实意义。

In this study, a pesticide controlled release formulation (CRF) will be developed to deal with excessive pesticide residues and environmental pollution caused by inefficient and long-term application. Chlorantraniliprole porous hollow silica nanoparticles (chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs) will be prepared using chlorantraniliprole as a model pesticide through microemulsion polymerization/hard template method. Chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs will be coated with strong adhesive materials such as polydopamine (PDA) and its derivatives through layer-by-layer assembly. The prepared multifunctionalized CRF (chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs-PDA) will be characterised using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, et al. The release kinetics of chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs-PDA will be assessed through environmental loads test. Biological activities of chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs-PDA against Chilo suppressalis will be evaluated to validate the relationship between the physicochemical property of chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs-PDA and its efficacy providing the theoretical foundation for the development and application of chlorantraniliprole-PHSNs-PDA. The study is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the effective utilization of pesticides, and reduce pesticide use as well as residual contamination in the environment and non-target organisms.