基于脑组织血流灌注和血氧代谢"差异太赫兹波谱分析"的脑功能区定位研究

提高神经外科手术效果和安全性的关键在于对脑功能区进行实时、快速、精确的定位。目前应用的解剖标志辨认、电生理、CT、PET、fMRI等脑功能区定位技术均不能在术中准确、快捷地分辨脑功能区与非功能区。太赫兹是频率在0.1-10.0THz的电磁波，与许多生物大分子的振动和转动能级处于相同波段，可以对物质结构、性质进行分析和鉴定。脑功能区活动时血液灌注增加，血氧代谢增强，含氧血红蛋白水平下降，而去氧血红蛋白水平升高。本项目拟通过对脑功能区静息与激活状态下血液灌注和血氧代谢的太赫兹波谱进行差异分析，明确其特征波谱信息，从而对脑功能区进行实时定位，并采用7.0T核磁共振功能成像及术中皮层刺激的方法，对太赫兹定位的功能区进行核对与评估，为发展可与手术显微镜对接进行术中脑功能区可视化定位的新技术奠定基础。

A real time, rapid and accurate positioning of brain function is significant for operation design and protection of patient’s important nerves function. However, the current applicable brain function positioning methods, including Electrophysiology, Measurement of normal blood volume with dynamic CT perfusion imaging, PET, FMRI, are able to closely work with Operation microscopic imaging system to provide real time dynamic data of braining function area position during operation. The electromagnetic wave within Terahertz frequency (0.1-10.0THz), which is proved to have high sensitivity, high resolution and rich data on biological macromolecules, tumor, burn tissue and other biological materials, is able to make up for the inadequacy of the existing detecting means. This paper, through terahertz reflection imaging system, extraction and analysis of terahertz spectrum features difference between hemoglobin oxygen-in rate and the blood flow perfusion changes in both static and functioning states of brain function area, comparing with 7.0T nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and brain function area distinguished by Cortical electrophysiology, tries to define the terahertz reflectance spectrum features parameters within this frequency, and connects with the operation microscope imaging system to realize visual positioning of brain function area during operation, building a solid foundation for further researches and applications of terahertz technology in central nervous system and brain cognition.