牡丹是我国特有的具有重要观赏价、药用与油用价值的作物，通过构建高密度遗传图谱对其重要性状的QTLs进行分析研究，对牡丹利用分子标记辅助选择技术培育新品种具有重要理论研究价值与生产应用潜力。本课题将利用表型性状对比与分子标记检测相结合的方法，从大量构建的F1代杂交群体中，筛选出遗传多态性高、相对性状差异显著，能真实代表牡丹遗传特点的分离群体作为构图群体；利用牡丹c-DNA文库与简化基因组测序法，分别开发300对以上的SSR分子标记与30,000以上的SNP分子标记，对作图群体进行标记检测，并利用遗传图谱构图分析软件构建首张牡丹高密度遗传图谱；同时调查分析F1代个体花型、花期及生长势等重要性状的遗传特点，结合遗传图谱开展QTL定位研究，最终获得与相关性状关联的QTL位点，为进一步利用分子标记辅助选择技术进行牡丹育种奠定基础。

Tree peony, native to China, is an important horticultural crop due to its striking ornamental, medicinal and oil-used values. QTLs mapping of important traits, based on a high density genetic linkage map, has a remarkable value of theoretical research and potential application for marker-assisted selection breeding of tree peony. Based on phenotypic analysis combined with molecular marker detection method, we select the mapping population from a large number of F1 hybrid populations in this study. This population should have higher genetic polymorphism, significantly differentiating between relative characters and can representative the genetic characteristics of tree peony. More than 300 SSR molecular markers and more than 30,000 SNP markers will be developed by using tree peony c-DNA library and next-generation sequencing technique, respectively. Then these markers will be used in genotyping the mapping population and in constructing the first high density genetic linkagemap of tree peony. Important traits such as flower type, blooming period and growth potential in every individual plant of the mapping population will be investigated, and the genetic characteristics of them will be analyzed. Then these data will be combined with genetic map for QTL mapping, to detect the QTLs associated to phenotype of relative traits and some molecular markers tightly linked to these QTLs. This will lay the foundation for further the molecular marker assisted selection breeding of tree peony.