角膜内皮细胞对维持角膜的正常厚度和透明性十分重要。人角膜内皮细胞在体内不可再生，一旦损伤,细胞数量会明显降低，严重者引起角膜内皮失代偿。角膜后弹力层内皮移植是治疗此病的最佳方法,但因供体受限,无法满足临床的需求。本实验选择最接近人的灵长类动物-猴为研究对象，以猪的角膜后弹力层为载体，猴的角膜内皮细胞为种子细胞，体外构建猴同种异体角膜内皮植片，通过角膜后弹力层移植术（DMEK）制备手术模型，探索手术方式、评价术后疗效。本课题旨在明确组织工程角膜内皮细胞植片用于临床治疗角膜内皮病变的可行性，为临床开展这项手术奠定基础。

Corneal endothelial cells play very important roles in maintaining corneal normal functions.When the numbers are below the threshold values, corneal endothelial decompensation will happen.The best therapeutic way is to perform the Descemet Memberane Endothelial Keratoplasty(DMEK).But the limited donors are insufficent for the clinical application. In this experiment, we will operate DMEK in a primate model by constructing in vivo corneal endothelial cell sheet in which corneal endothelial cells are seeded on porcine DMs.Our aims are to overcome the deficiency of donors, offer supports and clarify the feasibility of tissue engineer corneal endothelial cell sheet in clinic.